江苏海涂垦区典型坡度土壤侵蚀强度测定的试验研究

Experimental study on soil erosion intensity measurement of typical slope in Jiangsu coastal reclamation area

江苏海涂垦区土壤及气候特点在沿海地区具有代表性,在该地区进行土壤侵蚀强度测定,可为类似地区水土流失治理和水土保持规划提供借鉴和参考。通过对7种典型坡度土壤侵蚀强度测定的试验研究分析,结果表明:土壤侵蚀强度与坡度、降雨量和雨强均呈正相关,坡度小于5°以面层侵蚀为主,无明显侵蚀沟产生,15°~45°径流小区均出现明显的侵蚀沟;不同粒径土壤颗粒对降雨侵蚀的适应性存在差异,粒径在0.05~0.01 mm之间的粗粉粒受水力侵蚀影响最大,最容易发生水土流失。

The soil and climate characteristics of Jiangsu coastal reclamation area are representative in coastal areas.The measurement of soil erosion intensity in this area can provide reference for soil erosion control and water and soil conservation planning in similar areas.Through the experimental research and analysis on the determination of soil erosion intensity of seven typical slopes,the results show that soil erosion intensity is positively correlated with slope,rainfall and rainfall intensity.When slope is less than 5°,surface erosion is dominant,and there are no obvious erosion gullies.There are obvious erosion gullies in the plots from 15°to 45°.The adaptability of soil particles with different particle size to rainfall erosion is different.The coarse particles with particle size between 0.05mm and 0.01mm are most affected by hydraulic erosion and are most prone to soil erosion.