基于GIS的城市居住空间生态宜居性分析--以吉林省吉林市为例

Analysis on the Ecological Livability of Urban Residential Space based on GIS--Taking Jilin city,Jilin province as an Example

基于GIS技术方法,对获取的吉林市49个街道行政区域的695个居住地,进行居民出行距离、距商服中心距离、距中小学校距离、距社区中心距离、距公园绿地距离、距医院诊所距离等6项指标的分析,得出不同地块区域的宜居性等级,在此基础上构建城市宜居性评价体系,进而采用层次分析法的分析,得出以下结论:(1)中心主城区各项配套设施形成的5—15min步行圈相互重叠现象,可满足城市大部分居民的生态宜居性需要。(2)城市宜居性优秀和宜居性良好的地块过于聚集于老城区,没有形成连续的辐射面,城市发展布局严重不均衡。(3)城市各项设施沿交通线和沿江聚集特征十分明显,交通和水系分割问题对区域的生态宜居影响较大。最后据此提出城市宜居环境合理化改进建议。

Based on GIS technology,this paper analyzes the six indexes of residents’travel,distance from commercial service center,distance from primary and secondary schools,distance from community center,distance from park green space and distance from hospital clinic in 695 residential areas of 49 Administrative Regions in Jilin City,obtains the livability grades of different land areas,and constructs the urban livability evaluation system based on this,analytic hierarchy process is used for analysis.The conclusions are as follows:(1)the 5-15 minute walking circle formed by various supporting facilities in the central main urban area overlaps each other,which can meet the ecological livability needs of most urban residents.(2)the plots with excellent and good livability are too concentrated in the old urban area,do not form a continuous radiation surface,and the urban development layout is seriously unbalanced.(3)The gathering characteristics of urban facilities along the traffic line and along the river are very obvious.The division of traffic line and water system plays a vital role in the regional ecological livability.Finally,based on this,put forward targeted and e suggestions for the improvement of urban livable environment.