陕西黄河流域植被变化与城镇化协同权衡关系研究--基于卫星遥感数据

Synergy and trade-off between vegetation change and urbanization development in the Yellow River Basin of Shaanxi Province based on satellite remote sensing data

基于卫星植被指数与夜间灯光数据,利用相关系数法和变化趋势法综合分析了陕西黄河流域植被变化与城镇化发展之间的协同和权衡关系。结果显示:陕西黄河流域城镇化与经济发展实现了较高水平上的稳定增长,灯光强度从2000年的2.04上升至2020年的8.86,呈明显上升趋势的区域占总面积的93.46%,形成了以中心城市带动的关中城镇发展群,和围绕能源化工开采为主的陕北城镇发展群,并由交通运输网建设发展带动中小城市发展;陕西黄河流域生态环境总体向好,植被覆盖度由2000年的42.90%增加至2020年的64.19%。植被覆盖度显著增加的区域面积占67.45%,以陕北退耕还林(草)区植被增加最为显著;陕西黄河流域经济与生态高质量协同发展成为主要趋势,灯光强度与植被覆盖度同时明显上升的区域占总面积的63.49%,其中两者表现为协同关系的区域占比56.42%,主要位于退耕还林(草)区;有占研究区域总面积4.6%的区域灯光强度明显增加而植被明显降低,其中表现为权衡关系的区域占比高达71.75%,主要位于关中城镇化正在的快速发展的地区;城市核心区域及靠近城市的周边占总面积不到5%的区域,有明显的空间分布差异,在陕北能源化工区城市核心区域灯光强度下降而植被恢复较快,以西安为中心关中城市群,市中心这一概念逐渐弱化,原来的市中心灯光强度下降,并且随着老城区设施逐渐老旧,新城区人口不断涌入,城市生态环境有待改善。

Based on the satellite vegetation index and night light data,the relationship between vegetation change and urbanization development in the Yellow River Basin of Shaanxi Province was analyzed by correlation coefficient method and change trend method.The results show that urbanization and economic development have achieved stable growth at a high level in the study area.The light intensity increased from 2.04 in 2000 to 8.86 in 2020,and the area with obvious increasing trend accounted for 93.46%.Xi′an as the core city the development of urban agglomeration in the central Shaanxi plain.Energy exploitation drove urban development in the Northern Shaanxi.Traffic construction drove the development of small towns.The ecological environment was getting better,with the vegetation coverage increasing from 42.90%in 2000 to 64.19%in 2020.The area of vegetation coverage increased significantly accounted for 67.45%,which was mainly located in the area of returning farmland to forest(grassland)in Northern Shaanxi.High quality coordinated development of economy and ecology has become the main trend.The area where light intensity and vegetation coverage increased significantly together accounted for 63.49%,and 56.42%of them were positively correlated with each other,which was mainly located in the area of returning farmland to forest(grass).In 4.6%of the study area,the light intensity increased significantly while the vegetation decreased significantly,and the area with significantly negative correlation accounted for 71.75%,which was mainly located in the area with rapid urbanization in the central Shaanxi plain.Less than 5%of the areas were located in the core area of the city and near the city,with obviously spatial distribution differences.In Northern Shaanxi,the light intensity decreases and the vegetation recovered quickly in the cities developed by energy exploitation.In the central Shaanxi plain,as the original city center gradually weakened,the light intensity decreased in the central area.With the outdated facilities in the old urban areas and the continuous influx of population into the new urban areas,the urban ecological environment needs to be improved.