景宁木兰保护生物学研究进展

Advances in Conservation Biology of Magnolia sinostellata

景宁木兰Magnolia sinostellata是浙江特有种,为浙江省重点保护濒危植物。本文从分布特征、繁育系统、遗传多样性、逆境胁迫等方面综述了过去30余年(1984年首次被发现至2021年)国内外学者对于景宁木兰的保护生物学研究的成果,梳理了景宁木兰濒危的主要原因:(1)花粉进入柱头后存在受精障碍导致自交和杂交不育或少育;(2)群落结构单一且不稳定;(3)群落形成的遮阴削弱了景宁木兰幼苗的生长势。探讨了目前的研究存在的问题,认为对于景宁木兰雌雄配子体和胚胎发育的研究仍存在空白,无性繁殖技术体系还不成熟,缺少景宁木兰与其他物种的种间关联研究。提出今后应综合各学科的技术手段对景宁木兰开展长期且系统的监测研究,以期更深入地了解景宁木兰的濒危机制,为景宁木兰的保护和繁育提供理论依据。

Reviews were made on research achievements on conservation biology of Magnolia sinostellata in the past 30 years(from 1984 when it was first reported to 2021)in terms of distribution characteristics,breeding system,genetic diversity and adversity stress.There were three reasons for it to be endangered.Fertilization barriers after pollen entered the stigma lead to self-pollination and hybrid sterility or hypo fertility.The community structure was single and unstable.The shading caused by community formation weakened the growth potential of M.sinostellata seedlings.Challenges needed to be faced,such as no researches on male and female gametophyte and embryo of M.sinostellata,interspecific relationship between M.sinostellata and other species,not mature asexual reproduction technology system.Recommendations were put forwarded on further long and systematic monitoring on dynamics of M.sinostellata population for better understanding its endangered mechanism.