安徽安庆菜子湖国家湿地公园鸟类多样性研究

Study on the Avian Diversity of Anhui Caizihu National Wetland Park in Anqing City

安徽安庆菜子湖国家湿地公园是东亚-澳大利西亚迁徙路线上候鸟重要的停歇地和越冬地之一,虽然其面积仅25.39 km^(2),但湿地资源丰富,吸引了众多鸟类(特别是水鸟)来此栖息、停歇、越冬。因此,加强湿地公园保护对鸟类和生物多样性具有重要意义。为了掌握湿地公园的鸟类状况,2020年6月至2021年5月,采用样线法和样点法对湿地公园鸟类资源进行了调查。结果表明,该湿地公园内鸟类有15目44科141种。其中水鸟51种,占所调查鸟类的36.17%;国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生鸟类2种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生鸟类13种。湿地公园鸟类以冬候鸟为主,达47种,占所调查鸟类的33.33%;留鸟43种,占所调查鸟类的30.50%;夏候鸟31种;旅鸟最少,仅20种。

Anhui Caizihu National Wetland Park,located in Anqing City,is among the important stopover and wintering sites for migratory birds along the East Asian-Australasian flyway.Despite a small area of only 25.39 km^(2),the park attracts large numbers of birds(especially waterbirds)for residence,stopover and overwintering with its rich wetland resources.Thus strengthening conservation of the park is of great significance for protecting birds and biodiversity.In order to understand the actuality of bird resources in the park,surveys were made on the avian diversity using the line transect and point count methods from July 2020 to June 2021.The results showed there were 141 bird species belonging to 44 families in 15 orders,including 51 waterbird species,which accounted for 36.17%of all the species found,2 ClassⅠnational protected species and 13 ClassⅡnational protected ones.There were up to 47wintering species,the main birds in the park accounting for 33.33%of the total species,43 resident birds,accounting for 30.50%,31 species of summer visitors and 20 species of passing birds which were the least ones.