现蕾期叶面喷素对紫云英籽粒数和籽粒重的影响

Effects of foliar spray with various bioactive compounds on seed number and seed weight of Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus)

以“信紫1号”为供试材料,清水为对照,通过花期和成熟期对紫云英主茎不同花序位的花序结实性状测定,研究紫云英现蕾期叶面分别喷施多效唑(PP_(333))、6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、芸苔素内酯(BR)、海藻酸钠寡糖(AOS)、复合营养制剂(NCD)对紫云英籽粒数和籽粒重的调控效应,以期为提高紫云英种子产量和应用调控技术提供参考。结果表明:与对照相比,不同喷素处理均能提高紫云英不同花序位结荚率和荚果结实率,增加紫云英不同花序位的籽粒数和籽粒重。各喷素处理对紫云英各花序位籽粒数的促进效果以NCD处理最佳,其中,基、中、顶部花序位籽粒数较对照分别提高27.79%、29.35%、71.25%;对不同花序位籽粒重的促进效果也以NCD处理最佳,其中,基、中、顶部花序位籽粒重较对照分别提高27.18%、28.65%、71.05%。分析产量构成发现,现蕾期喷施NCD、PP_(333)、BR、6-BA、AOS处理种子产量均显著高于对照,较对照分别提高29.73%、22.02%、19.02%、10.52%、10.01%,以NCD处理产量最高,达601.37 kg·hm^(-2)。其中,PP_(333)、6-BA处理增粒效果显著,而对籽粒增重效果不明显;BR、AOS处理籽粒增重效果显著,而对增粒效果不明显;NCD处理增粒增重效果均显著。综上,在现蕾期叶面喷素可显著促进紫云英种子产量的增加,以NCD作用效果最优,PP_(333)、BR、6-BA、AOS依次次之。

The effects of various foliar sprays on Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus cv.Xinzi-1)seed number and seed weight at the squaring stage were studied in order to provide reference information for improving yield through use of chemical regulators.Foliar spraying of paclobutrazol(PP_(333)),6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA),brassinolide(BR),alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)and compound nutrition preparation(NCD)were performed at the squaring stage,while spraying water as the control.At the flowering and harvest stages,the seed setting was investigated for inflorescences at the basal,central,and apical inflorescence positions on the main stem.It was found that,compared with the water control,the various spray treatments improved the pod and seed setting rates in the examined inflorescence positions at flowering,and improved the seed number and seed weight in those inflorescence positions at harvest.NCD was the best treatment;the seed number at the basal,central and apical inflorescence positions was increased by 27.79%,29.35%and 71.25%,respectively,and the seed weight at the same positions was increased by 27.18%,28.65%and 71.05%,respectively,compared with the control.The seed yields under NCD,PP_(333),BR,6-BA and AOS treatments were significantly higher than those of the control,with increases of 29.73%,22.02%,19.02%,10.52%and 10.01%,respectively.The seed yield under NCD treatment was the highest,and was 601.37 kg·ha^(-1).Among the treatments,PP_(333) and 6-BA treatments induced significant increases in seed number,but no obvious effect on seed weight,while the BR and AOS treatments induced significant increases in seed weight,but not seed number.The NCD treatment induced significant effects both on seed number and seed weight.In summary,foliar spray of plant regulators at squaring stage significantly promoted increased seed yield and the NCD treatment has the greatest effect,followed by PP_(333),BR,6-BA and AOS.