四种赤眼蜂对槐尺蠖卵的寄生能力及适应性

Parasitic capability and suitability of four species of Trichogramma to eggs of Chiasmia cinerearia

为筛选有效防治槐尺蠖Chiasmia cinerearia的优势赤眼蜂蜂种,在温度(25±1)℃、相对湿度(60±5)%、光周期14 L∶10 D的恒温培养条件下,比较4种赤眼蜂对槐尺蠖卵的寄生能力和发育适合度。结果表明:4种赤眼蜂均可寄生槐尺蠖卵,但寄生数量有差异。松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi单雌平均寄生57.9粒卵,与玉米螟赤眼T.ostriniae单雌平均寄生44.7粒无显著差异,但显著高于螟黄赤眼蜂T.chilonis和广赤眼蜂T.evanescens。4种赤眼蜂寄生槐尺蠖卵后,均能顺利完成发育,羽化率均高于97.0%,发育历期为9.0~9.9 d,子代雌蜂率均高于65.0%,单卵子蜂数为1.0~2.0头。松毛虫赤眼蜂每雌子代总蜂数平均为84.9头,且显著高于其他3种赤眼蜂。松毛虫赤眼蜂的寄生能力最强,可作为防治槐尺蠖的候选赤眼蜂用于进一步的田间防治试验。

To screen out the dominant species of Trichogramma that can effectively control Chiasmia cinerearia,the parasitic ability and fitness of four species of Trichogramma to C.cinerearia eggs were compared under the constant temperature culture conditions of temperature(25±1)℃,relative humidity(60±5)%,photoperiod 14 L∶10 D.The results showed that all four species of Trichogramma can parasitize C.cinerearia eggs,but parasitic numbers were different.T.dendrolimi averagely parasitized 57.9 eggs per female,which was not significantly different from that of T.ostriniae(44.7 eggs),but significantly higher than that of T.chilonis and T.evanescens.All four species of Trichogramma can complete their developments after parasitizing C.cinerearia eggs.The emergence rates were higher than 97.0%,their development durations were 9.0-9.9 days,female rates of offspring were higher than 65.0%and the numbers of Trichogramma offspring in single egg were 1.0-2.0.The average number of offspring of T.dendrolimi was 84.9 per female,which was significantly higher than that of the other three species of Trichogramma.In general,T.dendrolimi has the strongest parasitic ability and can be used as a candidate Trichogramma for the control of C.cinerearia in further field control experiments.