原位聚合法制备铁氧体/聚苯胺吸波复合材料的研究进展

Researth progress in preparation of ferrite/polyaniline absorbing composites by in situ polymerization

电磁污染已成为继空气污染、水污染和噪声污染之后的第四大污染,吸波材料因其吸收和衰减特性,可以作为解决电磁污染的有效手段。聚苯胺(PANI)作为一种电阻损耗型吸波材料,可以满足吸波材料“厚度薄”、“质量轻”的发展理念,但由于阻抗匹配度差,吸波性能并不理想。铁氧体作为一类传统的磁损耗型吸波材料,因其密度较高使其适用范围受到限制。高密度的铁氧体与低密度的聚苯胺复合制备的吸波材料,不仅可以调整复合材料的密度,而且还能改善复合材料的阻抗匹配,提高铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料的吸波性能。本文首先探讨了聚苯胺以及铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法,其次阐述了铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料的吸波机理。然后分别归纳了尖晶石型、磁铅石型、石榴石型铁氧体与聚苯胺制备的复合材料在吸波领域的研究进展。最后指出铁氧体/聚苯胺复合材料应趋向于电磁仿真和多元复合化的方向发展。

Electromagnetic(EM)pollution has become the fourth largest pollution after air pollution,water pollution and noise pollution.Using of EM absorbing materials is an effective way to solve electromagnetic pollution problem,due to their absorption and attenuation characteristics.Polyaniline(PANI),as a kind of resistance loss absorbing material,can meet the development concept of“thin thickness”and“light mass”of absorbing materials.However,its absorbing performance is not ideal due to its poor impedance matching,ferrite,as a kind of traditional magnetic loss-type absorbing material,is limited in its application range due to its high density.The high-density ferrite and low-density polyaniline composite wave-absorbing material can not only adjust the density of the composite material,but also improve the impedance matching,and the wave-absorbing performance of the ferrite/polyaniline composite.In this paper,the preparation methods of polyaniline and ferrite/polyaniline composites were discussed firstly.Secondly,the absorbing mechanism of ferrite/polyaniline composites was expounded.Then,the research progress of composite materials prepared by spinel type,magnetic lead type,garnet type ferrite and polyaniline in the field of wave absorption was summarized,respectively.Finally,the future development directions of ferrite/polyaniline composites were pointed that they should tend to electromagnetic simulation and multi-element composites.