深圳市宝安区3~5岁托幼儿童家长EV71疫苗接种意愿调查

Investigation on EV71 vaccination willingness of parents of kindergarten children aged 3-5 years old in Baoan District of Shenzhen City

目的 了解深圳市宝安区托幼机构中3~5岁儿童家长对手足口病及肠道病毒EV71型(enterovirus type 71,EV71)疫苗的认知及接种意愿情况,分析其影响因素。方法 2019年5-8月在深圳市宝安区随机抽取13所托幼机构,使用自编式问卷面对面对612名家长开展,调查收集儿童家长人口学、手足口病与疫苗认知和接种意愿等信息,采用非条件logistic回归对接种意愿的影响因素进行分析。结果 家长对手足口病和EV71疫苗知识知晓率分别为80.88%和31.21%,疫苗知识知晓率较低,家长更愿意通过预防接种医院(84.64%)和托幼机构(71.24%)接受相关知识。65.03%的家长愿意给孩子接种EV71疫苗,家长持拒绝或观望态度的最主要原因是担心疫苗安全问题(62.62%)和不认为疫苗有效(55.61%)。Logistic回归分析显示,深圳市户籍(OR=1.876,95%CI:1.192~2.953)、大专及以上文化程度(OR=3.731,95%CI:2.421~5.747)、居住在城镇小区(OR=1.731,95%CI:1.134~2.644)、知道重症手足口病严重后果(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.063~3.017)和知晓疫苗知识(OR=2.752,95%CI:1.518~4.991)的家长更愿意给孩子接种EV71疫苗(均P<0.05)。结论 深圳市宝安区托幼儿童家长对EV71疫苗知晓率不高,接种意愿不理想,需要进一步有针对性的加强手足口病相关健康教育工作。

Objective To investigate the cognition and vaccination willingness of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) and enterovirus EV71(EV71) vaccine of parents of kindergarten children aged 3-5 years old in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,analyze the influencing factors. Methods From May to August 2019,13 child-care institutions were randomly selected in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,and a self-designed questionnaire was used to survey 612 parents to collect information of demography,and cognition and vaccination willingness of HFMD and EV71 vaccine by the face-to-face survey. The influencing factors of vaccination willingness were analyzed by using unconditional logistic regression. Results The awareness rate of HFMD and EV71 vaccine knowledge in parents was 80.88% and 31.21% respectively. The awareness rate of vaccine was relatively low,and the parents are more willing to receive relevant knowledge through vaccination hospitals(84.64%) and childcare institutions(71.24%). 65.03% of parents were willing to vaccinate their children with EV71 vaccine. The main reasons for parents ’ refusal or waiting-and-seeing attitude included that they are worried about vaccine safety(62.62%) and do not think the vaccine is effective(55.61%). logistic regression analysis showed that parents who have the household registration of Shenzhen City(OR=1.876,95%CI:1.192-2.953),college education or above(OR=3.731,95%CI:2.421-5.747),living in urban areas(OR=1.731,95%CI:1.134-2.644),knowing the serious consequences of severe HFMD(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.063-3.017) and knowing the knowledge of vaccine(OR=2.752,95%CI:1.518-4.991) were more willing to vaccinate their children with EV71 vaccine(all P<0.05). Conclusion The awareness rate of EV71vaccine among parents of kindergarten children in Baoan District of Shenzhen City is not high,and their willingness to receive EV71vaccination is not satisfactory,so the health education related to HFMD needs to be further strengthened.