基于EQ-5D中国效用积分体系的张家港市成年高血压患者健康相关生命质量评价

Evaluation of health related quality of life in adult patients with hypertension in Zhangjiagang City based on EQ-5D Chinese utility score system

目的 了解张家港市成年高血压患者健康相关生命质量情况及其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2019年6-8月运用Kish表随机抽取张家港市≥18周岁常住居民3 124人,基于欧洲五维健康量表(EuroQol fivedimensions,EQ-5D)中国效用积分体系开展健康相关生命质量问卷调查,并采用χ^(2)检验、非参数秩和检验和Tobit回归分析影响因素。结果 本研究共筛得高血压患者767名,40.81%的高血压患者基于EQ-5D量表自觉有至少1个健康维度存在困难,其中疼痛/不适维度所占比例最大(34.16%)。高血压患者各维度存在困难的比例均显著高于非高血压人群(均P<0.05)。家庭人均月收入增加、每日蔬果摄入量增加、开展有效锻炼是高血压患者生命质量的保护因素(β=0.102、0.116、0.182,均P<0.05),而存在睡眠障碍和其他合并症是生命质量的危险因素(β=-0.079、-0.131,均P<0.05)。结论 高血压患者的健康相关生命质量相对较低。加强健康生活方式指导,减少相关合并症的发生能有效提高高血压患者的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the health-related quality of life and the influencing factors in adult patients with hypertension in Zhangjiagang City. Methods From June to August in 2019,3 124 permanent residents aged ≥18 years old in Zhangjiagang City were randomly selected by the multistage stratified cluster random sampling using Kish table. A questionnaire survey on healthrelated quality of life was conducted based on EuroQol five-dimensions(EQ-5D) Chinese utility score system. χ^(2)test,nonparametric test and Tobit regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 767 hypertension patients were screened out. 40.81% of them had difficulty in at least one health dimension of EQ-5D,of which the pain/discomfort dimension accounted for the largest proportion(34.16%). The proportions of patients with hypertension who had difficulty in every dimension were significantly higher than those of people without hypertension(all P<0.05). Increased family monthly income per capita,increased daily intake of fruit and vegetable intake,and effective exercise were the protective factors for quality of life in patients with hypertension(β=0.102,0.116,0.182,all P<0.05),while sleep disorders and other complications were the risk factors for quality of life(β=-0.079,-0.131,both P<0.05). Conclusions The patients with hypertension have poor health-related quality of life.Strengthening healthy lifestyle guidance and reducing the occurrence of related complications can effectively improve the quality of life of hypertension patients.