Treg细胞在妊娠及其并发症中的作用及机制研究进展

Role and mechanism of Treg cells in pregnancy and its complications

成功妊娠直至分娩包括胚胎着床、母-胎界面耐受维持等一系列复杂的生理过程,其与母体精细的免疫调控有着密切的关系。母体免疫系统既要抵御外来病原体入侵,又要对胎儿组织中表达的父系抗原形成免疫耐受。调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)是新型CD4+T淋巴细胞亚群,在维持外周耐受、预防和限制自身免疫性和慢性炎症性疾病方面发挥着重要作用。在母胎免疫失衡中,Treg细胞数目或功能异常与不孕、流产、子痫前期等妊娠并发症存在相关性。目前越来越多的学者提出,Treg细胞可作为一种新的靶向治疗方法,用以预防和改善不良妊娠结局,但其具体机制需进一步研究。本文对Treg细胞在妊娠及其并发症中的作用及机制研究进展进行综述。

The course from establishment of pregnancy to delivery includes a series of complex physiological processes such as embryo implantation and maintenance of maternal-fetal tolerance,which are closely related to the delicate maternal immune regulation.The maternal immune system should not only resist the invasion of foreign pathogens,but also establish immune tolerance to the paternal antigens expressed in fetal tissues.Regulatory T cells(Treg cells)are a new type of CD4+T lymphocyte subsets that play an important role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance,preventing and limiting autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases.Maternal-fetal immune imbalance,abnormal number or function of Treg cells are related to pregnancy complications such as infertility,miscarriage,preeclampsia.This article aims to summarize the mechanism of Treg cells in pregnancy and pregnancy-related complications.