内蒙古清水河后城咀龙山时代石城瓮城发掘述要

Summary of the Excavation of the Barbican of the Longshan-Era Stone Walled Town at Houchenzui in Qinshuihe County,Inner Mongolia

内蒙古清水河县后城咀龙山时代石城是迄今为止内蒙古中南部地区发现的等级最高、规模最大的史前时期石城址。2019~2020年,内蒙古自治区文物考古研究院组队对石城瓮城部分进行整体揭露,基本辨明了其由主城城垣、城门、马面、瓮城城垣、壕沟、瓮城通道及两侧墩台、瓮城内建筑台基组成的建筑形态、营建顺序与布局特征,各建筑层位、堆积内出土的永兴店文化时期遗物文化内涵单纯、时代特征单一,为深入研究河套地区龙山时代石城城防体系布局建设及区域社会复杂化进程提供了崭新材料。

The Longshan-era stone walled town at Houchengzui in Qingshuihe County is the largest town with highest-rank that of the same type that has been discovered in central and southern Inner Mongolia.The Inner Mongolia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted an excavation between 2019 and 2020 to disclose a section of the barbican.The excavation identified various components of the barbican,including the major wall body,gates,mamian(bastion),barbican walls,moat,passage of barbican,duntai(supporting structures of the barbican on both sides),and the architectural foundation inside the barbican.Furthermore,the archaeological records laid down the foundation for clarifying the structure of architectures,constructional procedures,and the characteristics of the layout.Remains from various layers of deposit all belonged to the Yongxingdian cultural period and are relatively homogenous in terms of the contents and date.The discovery provides new information for studying the fortification system of stone walled towns in the Hetao region and regional social complexity process.