应用膳食平衡指数评价云南哈尼族居民膳食质量

EVALUATION OF THE DIETARY QUALITY OF HANI PEOPLE BY DIET BALANCE INDEX IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

目的 应用膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)评价云南18岁以上成年哈尼族居民膳食质量,为开展少数民族营养干预提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样抽取红河哈尼族彝族自治州绿春县6个自然村共487名18岁以上成年哈尼族居民进行基本情况及膳食调查,利用DBI-07评价云南哈尼族居民膳食质量。结果 云南哈尼族居民蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类、鱼虾类摄入不足,而肉禽类、烹调油、调味品(盐)摄入过量。居民膳食质量存在中度失衡,伴随低度摄入不足与低度摄入过量;且膳食不平衡程度随体力活动强度增加而增加;男性膳食摄入过量及膳食不均衡程度均远高于女性;40-50岁年龄段居民膳食摄入过量程度最高。膳食模式集中于A、B、D、E、G五种模式,主要以B模式为主。结论 云南哈尼族居民膳食摄入状况有待改善,需进一步加强对云南哈尼族居民膳食营养指导与干预。[营养学报,2022,44(1):12-18]

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of Hani people in Yunnan province, and provide the basis for nutrition interventions in ethnic minorities. Methods A total of 487 Hani people over 18 years old from 6 natural villages in Luchun County, Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to investigate their basic situation and dietary intakes. The dietary quality was evaluated by DBI-07. Result Hani people in Yunnan had inadequate dietary intakes of vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, fish and shrimp, but excessive dietary intakes of meat, oil and condiments(salt). The dietary quality was mainly moderate imbalance, accompanied by low inadequate or excessive dietary intakes of different foods. The degree of dietary imbalance increased with the increase of physical activity. Men were more likely to be unbalanced in dietary intakes than women. People aged between 40 and 50years were more likely to be excessive in dietary intakes. The dietary patterns were mainly A, B, D, E and G, and B was the main dietary pattern. Conclusion The dietary intakes of Hani residents in Yunnan needs to be improved, and the dietary nutrition guidance and intervention for Hani people in Yunnan should be further strengthened. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA,2022, 44(1):12-18]