高原条件下柴油机性能影响及恢复研究进展

Research Progress in Influence Factors and Recovery of Diesel Engine Performance Under Plateau Condition

柴油发动机是物资运输、工业生产、工程建筑和军用装备重要的动力源,高原环境中大气压力、环境温度、空气含氧量均不同程度降低,导致柴油机缸内燃烧急剧恶化,对其使用状况产生较大限制。总结了高原环境对柴油机动力性能、起动性能、排放特性等方面造成的影响,从增压系统优化、喷油策略优化、含氧燃料优化3个角度,综述了高原条件下柴油机性能恢复的前沿技术,并探讨了下一步的可能发展方向,包括燃烧机理研究、高原含氧燃料、富氧燃烧技术。

Diesel engine is an important power source for material transportation, industrial production, engineering construction and military equipments. The atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature and air oxygen content in plateau environment all decrease to varying degrees, resulting in the rapid deterioration of diesel engine combustion in cylinder, which has a great restriction on its use. In this paper, the influence of plateau environment on diesel engine’s power performance, starting performance, emission characteristics and other aspects were summarized, as well as the cutting-edge technology of diesel engine performance recovery under plateau condition from the optimization of turbocharging system, fuel injection strategy and oxygen-containing fuel, and the possible development direction in the next step was discussed, including combustion mechanism research, plateau oxygen-containing fuel and oxygen-rich combustion technology.