基于脾虚大鼠模型评价复方黄芪健脾口服液健脾消食作用

Evaluate spleen-strengthening and food-dissipating effects of Fufang Huangqi Jianpi Koufu Ye by spleen-deficiency rat model

目的 建立大鼠脾虚模型,评价复方黄芪健脾口服液(FFHQ)的健脾消食作用。方法 60只雄性大鼠随机分为6组:对照组、模型组、启脾口服液(阳性药,10 mL·kg^(-1))组和FFHQ低、中、高剂量(生药3.25、6.50、13.00 g·kg^(-1))组,每组10只。除对照组外,其余各组大鼠ig给予250 mg·mL-1大黄水溶液15 mL·kg^(-1),上下午各1次,每天2次,连续7 d,制备脾虚模型。造模成功后,各组ig给药,对照组和模型组给予去离子水,给药体积均为10 mL·kg^(-1),每天2次,连续7 d。每天观察记录动物外观体征、行为活动,每周检测体质量和摄食量;给药结束检测胃排空功能、食物利用率;试剂盒法检测血清胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MOT)和血管活性肠肽(VIP)浓度;全自动血液分析仪测定大鼠红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞容积(HCT)、白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、网织红细胞绝对值(RET#)以及网织红细胞(RET)、淋巴细胞(LYMPH)、单核细胞(MONO)、中性粒细胞(NEUT)、嗜碱性粒细胞(BASO)、嗜酸性粒细胞(EO)的比率;取脾脏、胸腺称质量,计算脾脏、胸腺脏器系数;采集胃、十二指肠、结肠、直肠、脾脏、胸腺,HE染色后观察组织病理学变化。结果 造模期间,对照组未见异常;与对照组比较,其他各组皆出现消瘦、稀便、活动减少等脾虚症状;造模结束时,与对照组比较,其他各组动物体质量及体质量增长显著降低(P<0.001)。给药期间,与对照组比较,FFHQ各剂量组动物脾虚症状基本恢复正常,而模型组动物仍有脾虚的症状。给药结束后,与模型组比较,FFHQ各剂量组动物体质量、给药期间体质量增长显著升高(P<0.05);FFHQ 3.25 g·kg^(-1)组大鼠每天摄食量显著增高(P<0.01);FFHQ各剂量组大鼠胃排空率显著增加(P<0.05);FFHQ 6.50、13.00 g·kg^(-1)组MOT浓度显著升高(P<0.05),FFHQ 13.00 g·kg^(-1)组VIP浓度显著降低(P<0.05、0.01);各给药组LYMPH比率均显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),FFHQ高剂量组MONO比率显著降低(P<0.05、0.01),FFHQ高剂量组RBC显著降低(P<0.01),各给药组RET#、RDW均显著降低(P<0.01),FFHQ低剂量组HCT显著降低(P<0.01),FFHQ中剂量组HGB显著降低(P<0.01),FFHQ高剂量组WBC呈升高趋势;FFHQ低、高剂量组脾脏质量均显著增加(P<0.05、0.01);FFHQ中、高剂量组胸腺质量呈升高趋势;各组组织病理学检查均未见未见明显器质性病变。结论FFHQ对脾虚大鼠发挥健脾消食作用,调节胃肠激素分泌和提高机体免疫力可能是作用机制之一。

Objective To establish a rat model of spleen deficiency and to study the effect of Fufang Huangqi Jianpi Koufu Ye(FFHQ) on invigorating spleen and eliminating food.Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups with ten animals in each group,namely control group,model group,Qipi oral solution(positive drug,10 mL·kg^(-1)) group,and FFHQ low,medium and high-dose groups(crude drug 3.25,6.50,13.00 g·kg^(-1)).Except for control group,rats in the other five groups were given 3.75 g·kg^(-1) rhubarb water solution orally and intragastrically for modeling,twice a day,for consecutive seven days.After successful modeling,low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups were given test arrticles by ig,control group and model control group were given deionized water,and positive control group was given Qipi Oral Solution,10 mL·kg^(-1),twice a day,for consecutive seven days.The appearance,physical signs and behavioral activities of the animals were observed and recorded every day.The body weight and food intake were measured every week.At the end of administration,gastric emptyfunction,food availability,gastrin(GAS),motilin(MOT) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) gastrointestinal hormone concentrations were detected.Red blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin(HGB),red blood cell volume(HCT),white blood cell count(WBC),red blood cell distribution width(RDW),absolute value of reticulocyte(RET#),the ratio of reticulocyte(RET),LYMPH,MONO,neutrophils(NEUT),basophil(BASO) and eosinophils(EO) were determined by automatic hematology analyzer.The spleen and thymus were weighed and the organ coefficients of spleen and thymus were calculated.The stomach,duodenum,colon,rectum,spleen and thymus were collected,and histopathological changes were observed after HE staining.Results During modeling,no abnormality was found in control group.Compared with control group,the other groups showed symptoms of spleen deficiency such as emaciation,loose stools and reduced activity.At the end of modeling,the body weight and food intake of the other groups were significantly reduced,indicating that the modeling was successful.During the administration period,compared with control group,the clinical symptoms of FFHQ dose groups and positive control group basically returned to normal,while the model control group animals still had spleen deficiency symptoms.After administration,compared with model group,the increase of body weight in FFHQ groups and during administration was significantly increased(P < 0.05).Daily food intake in FFHQ 3.25 g·kg^(-1) group was significantly increased(P < 0.01).Gastric empelling rate of FFHQ groups was significantly increased(P < 0.05).MOT concentration in FFHQ 6.50 and 13.00 g·kg^(-1) groups was significantly increased(P < 0.05),VIP concentration in FFHQ 13.00 g·kg^(-1) group was significantly decreased(P < 0.05,0.01).LYMPH rate of all administration groups was significantly increased(P < 0.05,0.01),MONO rate of FFHQ high dose group was significantly decreased(P < 0.05,0.01),RBC of FFHQ high dose group was significantly decreased(P < 0.01),RET# and RDW of all administration groups were significantly decreased(P < 0.01).HCT of FFHQ low dose group was significantly decreased(P < 0.01),HGB of FFHQ medium dose group was significantly decreased(P <0.01),WBC of FFHQ high dose group was increased.Spleen quality was significantly increased in FFHQ low and high dose groups(P < 0.05,0.01).The thymus quality of FFHQ medium and high dose groups increased.Histopathological examination in each group showed no obvious organic lesions.Conclusions FFHQ plays a role in invigorating spleen and eliminating food in spleen deficiency rats,regulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion and improving body immunity may be one of the mechanisms.