基于改进层次分析法、CRITIC法与复合模糊物元VIKOR模型的河流健康评价

River health evaluation based on improved analytic hierarchy process,CRITIC method and compound fuzzy matter-element VIKOR model

河流健康评价对河流水环境状况的诊断及农村地区的供水安全具有重要意义,其研究可为河流功能性治理与修复提供依据。构建河流健康评价体系,采用改进层次分析法、CRITIC法组合赋权,建立模糊物元VIKOR模型,对光洞河河流健康状态进行综合评估。结果表明:物理结构完整性、生物结构完整性、化学结构完整性的权重分别为0.25、0.30、0.45,水质指标是影响河流健康水平的主要因素;光洞河4个采样断面的健康水平具有明显的时空差异,枯水期闵家寨断面河流健康水平为病态,其余断面为亚健康,丰水期闵家寨、白马村断面河流健康水平显著提升,分别为中等、健康,其余断面变化相对较小;障碍度分析表明,枯水期河流污染物主要来源为土壤离子交换,丰水期水体污染物主要来源为农业生产活动,林地、草地对于污染物具有明显的阻碍作用,光洞河生态健康重要驱动力因素为Hg、As和Pd。

River health assessment is of great significance to the diagnosis of river water environment and water supply safety in rural areas,which can provide basis for river functional governance and restoration.Here,we constructed a river health evaluation system,adopted improved analytic hierarchy process and CRITIC method for weighting,established a fuzzy matter-element VIKOR model,and evaluated the river health status of Guangdong River.The results showed that the weights of physical structural integrity,biological structural integrity,and chemical structural integrity were 0.25,0.30,and 0.45,respectively.Water quality indicators were the main factor affecting the health of the river.The temporal and spatial variations in the health level of the four sampling sections of Guangdong River were substantial.The health level of Minjiazhai section in the dry season was morbid,and the other sections were sub-healthy.The health level of Minjiazhai and Baima village sections was significantly improved in the wet season,which was medium and healthy,respectively.The changes in the other sections were relatively small.Obstacle analysis showed that soil ion exchange was the main source of pollutants in the river during dry season,while agricultural production activities were the main one during wet season.Woodland and grassland had obvious obstruction to pollutants.Hg,As and Pd were the important factors influencing the ecological health of Guangdong River.