低温等离子体在钛种植修复中的应用

The application of cryogenic plasma in titanium implant rehabilitation

口腔种植修复技术已成为修复缺失牙的主要手段之一,可提高咀嚼功能和美观性。然而种植体与周围组织结合不良、种植体周围炎、种植基台螺丝松动等并发症可导致种植修复的失败。近年来,随着对等离子体认识的深入和等离子体技术的发展,等离子体在口腔医学领域中的应用受到关注。物质通常以固、液、气三种状态存在,等离子体是物质存在的第四态,为呈电中性的电离气体,由带正电荷的离子、电子和中性粒子组成。根据其温度可分为热等离子体和低温等离子体。低温等离子体因其低温、安全、易于获得、环保等优点,广泛应用于生物医学领域。在口腔医学中,低温等离子体被用于龋病及牙髓疾病的治疗、牙齿漂白、种植材料表面处理、灭菌及表面去污。钛具有较好的机械性能、稳定的理化性能和生物相容性,是主流的种植修复材料。本文旨在对近年来使用低温等离子体处理钛种植材料的研究作一综述,为其在口腔种植修复治疗中的应用提供参考。

Implant rehabilitation is one of the main treatments performed in the restoration of missing teeth,which can improve chewing function and aesthetics.However,complications such as poor integration of implant and surrounding tissue,peri-implant inflammation and loosening of implant abutment screws may lead to failure of implant rehabilitation.The recent enormous progress in understanding of plasma physics and development of plasma jet has attracted focus on the application of plasma in dentistry.Matter is usually composed of liquids,solids,and gases.The plasma is a fourth component of matter,on avarage a neutral ionized gas composed of positive charged ions,electrons,and neutral particles.Plasmas can be divided into cold and thermal plasmas by the temperature.Cryogenic plasma is widely used in biomedical field because of its low temperature,safety,easy to obtain and environmental protection.In stomatology,cold cryogenic plasma is applied to the caries,pulp diseases,tooth bleaching,surface modifications of implant materials,sterilization and decontamination.Titanium biomaterials have been commonly used in implant rehabilitation,with good mechanical performance,stable physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility.The purpose of the paper is to review the application of cryogenic plasma to titanium biomaterials in recent years,to provide strategies for its application in the implant rehabilitation.