西宁市水域硅藻分布特点在溺死鉴定中的应用

Application of the diatom distribution characteristics in main waters of Xining city for the identification of drowning

目的研究西宁市城区主要水域硅藻的分布特点,用于涉水尸体的死亡原因鉴定及溺死地点推断。方法收集冬季(2020年12月)、春季(2021年4月)和夏季(2021年8月)西宁市区湟水河、北川河、南川河10个采集点共30个水样,采用微波消解-真空抽滤-扫描电镜观察法,调查同一时段各采集点、不同时段同一采集点的硅藻种类和数量差异。结果湟水河、北川河以及南川河春季检出硅藻种属30种,夏季28种,冬季24种;3个季节硅藻种属构成比均存在差异;各采样点硅藻的种属和数量均存在差异。结论建立西宁主要水域硅藻数据库,对于水中尸体死亡原因鉴定和落水点推断具有重要的应用价值。

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of diatoms in the main urban waters of Xining city,which can be used to identify the cause of death and infer the site of drowning.Methods Thirty water samples were collected from 10 collection sites in the Huangshui River,Beichuan River and Nanchuan River in Xining city in winter(December 2020),spring(April 2021)and summer(August 2021).The Microwave Digestion—Vacuum Filtration—Scanning Electron Microscope(MD-VF-SEM)method was used to investigate the differences of diatom species and quantity among the different waters and periods.Results It was found thirty,twenty-eight,and twenty-four diatom species in the water samples collected in spring,summer,and winter,respectively.The species constituent ratio of diatoms was different among the three seasons.The species and quantity of diatom were different among each sampling site.Conclusion Establishment of the diatom database of the main waters of Xining has great application values for the identification of the cause of death of the bodies in water and inference of the drowning site.