目的与手段:全过程人民民主与国家治理关系再建构

Purpose and Means: Reconstruction of the Relationship Between Whole-process People’s Democracy and National Governance

民主与治理既有分流的理论与实践,也有合流的理论与实践。政治现代化是民主与治理的合流与互嵌,而全过程人民民主与国家治理的合流,是中国走向政治现代化的必然趋势。全过程人民民主具有价值理性,规范国家治理,并赋予国家治理内在价值。全过程人民民主发展的过程,也是国家治理再建构的过程。没有全过程人民民主,国家治理就会有失效的风险。国家治理具有工具理性,是实现全过程人民民主的手段。全过程人民民主与国家治理内嵌是重新建构二者之间关系的必然选择,都要充分考虑和处理好成本与收益、公平与效率的关系。

Democracy and governance have both the theory and practice of diversion and the theory and practice of confluence. Political modernization is the confluence and embedding of democracy and governance, and the confluence of whole-process people’s democracy and national governance is the inevitable trend of China’s political modernization. Whole-process people’s democracy has value rationality, standardizes national governance, and endows national governance with internal value. The whole process is not only the process of people’s democratic development, but also the process of reconstruction of national governance. Without whole-process people’s democracy, there will be a risk of failure in national governance. National governance has instrumental rationality and is the means to realize whole-process people’s democracy. The embedding of whole-process people’s democracy and national governance is an inevitable choice to reconstruct the relationship between them.We should fully consider and deal with the relationship between cost and benefit, fairness, and efficiency.