“一带一路”倡议背景下的“冰上丝绸之路”

“Silk Road on Ice” in the Context of Belt and Road Initiative

根据《联合国海洋法公约》,北冰洋沿岸国家拥有对近岸大陆架及海域的合法权利。俄罗斯作为北冰洋沿岸国之一,享有部分内水、领海、毗连区、专属经济区和大陆架等相关海洋权益,而中国是“近北极国家”及北极理事会的正式观察员国家,在全球化大背景下,参与北极开发对于中国也具有重要的战略意义、经济利益和科研价值。因此,中俄在北极开发上有许多共同利益,两国相继出台了各自的北极政策。未来,在“一带一路”倡议背景下两国在北极开发、保护、治理等领域进行双边和多边合作的潜力巨大。

According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS),arctic coastal states have legal rights to nearshore continental shelf and sea areas.Russia,as one of the arctic coastal states,is entitled to part of the internal waters,territorial sea,contiguous zone,exclusive economic zone and continental shelf and other relevant maritime rights and interests.China is a near-arctic state,as well as an offi cial observer state of the Arctic Council.In the context of globalization,it has important strategic signifi cance,economic interests and research value for China to participate in the arctic development.Therefore,China and Russia share many common interests in the development of the Arctic,and both countries have successively introduced their own arctic policies.In the future,the two countries have great potentials for bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the development,protection and governance in the Arctic under the Belt and Road Initiative.