PRECEDE-PROCEED模式多维度健康干预对存在血脂异常的老年人的体重指数及不良生活方式的影响

Effects of multi-dimensional health intervention of PRECEDE-PROCEED model on dyslipidemia body mass index and poor lifestyle in the elderly

目的:探讨健康教育与健康促进(PRECEDE-PROCEED)模式多维度健康干预对血脂异常老年人的应用效果。方法:选择2020年5月至2021年5月中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院体检中心检查出存在血脂异常的110名老年患者,按照随机数表法分成对照组与研究组,每组55例。对照组采用常规干预措施,研究组采用PRECEDE-PROCEED模式多维度健康干预措施。对比分析2组干预前及干预3个月后的血脂水平[总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein,LDL)]、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、不良生活方式发生率及生活质量评分,并评估2组患者干预效果。结果:干预后,2组TC、TG、HDL、LDL均较干预前明显降低,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,2组BMI中肥胖、超重、偏瘦的发生率均较干预前降低,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,2组BMI正常的占比均较干预前升高,且研究组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,2组不良生活方式中吸烟、饮酒、饮食不均衡、运动不达标的发生率均较干预前降低,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,2组简明健康调查量表(36-items Short Form Health Survey,SF-36)中的躯体功能、生理功能、情绪功能、社会功能评分均较干预前明显升高,且研究组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组干预总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PRECEDE-PROCEED模式多维度健康干预对老年人血脂异常BMI及不良生活方式的干预效果好,能有效制止患者的不良生活方式,改善患者BMI,值得推广。

Objective: To explore the effect of multi-dimensional health intervention of health education and health promotion(PRECEDE-PROCEED) model on dyslipidemia in the elderly. Methods: A total of 110 elderly patients with dyslipidemia body mass index(BMI) and poor lifestyle from May 2020 to May 2021 were selected for study. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and study group, with 55 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine intervention measures, and the study group was treated with PRECEDE-PROCEED model of multi-dimensional health intervention measures. The blood lipid level [total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein(HDL), low-density lipoprotein(LDL)], BMI, incidence of adverse lifestyle and quality of life score of the 2 groups before and 3 months after the intervention were compared and analyzed, and the intervention effect of the 2 groups was evaluated. Results: After the intervention, TC, TG, HDL and LDL in the 2 groups were significantly lower than those before the intervention, and the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention, the incidence of obesity, overweight and lean in BMI in the 2 groups were lower than those before the intervention, and the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention, the incidence of normal BMI in the 2 groups was higher than that before the intervention, and the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention, the incidence of smoking, drinking, unbalanced diet and substandard exercise in the 2 groups was lower than that before the intervention, and the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention, the scores of physical function, physiological function, emotional function and social function of SF-36 quality of life scale in the 2 groups were significantly higher than those before the intervention, and the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the total effective rate of intervention in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: PRECEDE-PROCEED multi-dimensional health intervention has a good effect on dyslipidemia BMI and bad lifestyle of the elderly, and it can effectively stop patients’ bad lifestyle and improve patients’ BMI index, which is worthy of promotion.