可调控活性氧的纳米声敏剂在声动力疗法的应用进展

Advances in the application of nanosonosensitizers for modulating reactive oxygen species in sonodynamic therapy

声动力疗法(sonodynamic therapy,SDT)是一种有潜力的治疗方法,具有微创、安全、疗效好等优点。超声波(ultrasound,US)可以聚焦到肿瘤区域激活声敏剂,主要通过生成各种活性氧(reactive oxygenspecies,ROS)物质发挥抗肿瘤作用。SDT疗效主要取决于肿瘤细胞内ROS的浓度。纳米声敏剂具有体积小、尺寸可调、稳定性高、载体容量高的优点。因此如何开发与应用纳米声敏剂调节ROS产量,使肿瘤抑制效率达到最大是当前研究的热点之一。本文将总结纳米声敏剂促进ROS生成和减少ROS消耗这2种调节策略的研究现状,旨在探究其向临床转化的潜力。

Sonodynamic therapy(SDT)is a promising treatment method with the advantages of minimally invasive,safety and efficacy.Ultrasound(US)can be focused to the tumor area to activate sonosensitizers,which enhances anti-tumor effects mainly through the generation of various reactive oxygen species(ROS).The level of ROS in tumor cells is closely related to the effect of SDT.Nanosonosensitizer has the advantages of small size,adjustable size,high stability and high carrier capacity.So how to develop and apply nanosonosensitizers to modulate the production of ROS to maximize the efficiency of tumor suppression is one of the hot spots of current research.This paper summarizes the current status of research on two modulation strategies including the promotion of ROS production and the reduction of ROS consumption by nanosonosensitizers,with the aim of exploring their potential for clinical translation.