外泌体在肝细胞癌肿瘤微环境中作用的研究进展

Research status on the role of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌肿瘤微环境的复杂性决定了其高度异质性和肿瘤的发生发展。外泌体是肝细胞癌肿瘤微环境中的重要组成之一,是一种富含蛋白质、核酸等物质的膜性囊泡,直径40~160 nm,能在细胞间进行信号传递。肝细胞癌来源的外泌体在肿瘤微环境中的信息调控作用对肝细胞癌的恶性生物学行为产生重大影响。近几年外泌体在肝细胞癌的检测、治疗、预后中作用的研究也逐渐深入。本文聚焦外泌体在肝细胞癌微环境生物进程中的作用,论述外泌体在肝细胞癌的血管生成、转移、上皮间质化、免疫调节以及诊治等方面的研究进展。

The tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is complex,leading to the high heterogeneity,occurrence and development of HCC.Exosomes are one of the most important components of HCC tumor microenvironment.Exosomes are membranous vesicles with the diameter about 40~160 nm,consisting with protein,nucleic acid and other substances,and can carry out signal transmission between cells.The information regulation of HCC-derived exosomes in the tumor microenvironment has a significant impact on the malignant biological behavior of HCC.In recent years,studies on the role of exosomes in the detection,treatment and prognosis of HCC have been made in-depth.This review focused on the role of exosomes in the biological process of HCC microenvironment,and discusses the research progress of exosomes in the HCC angiogenesis,metastasis,epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and immune regulation and so on.