中国地下水污染修复方法和技术应用展望

Prospect of groundwater pollution remediation methods and technologies in China

【研究目的】:中国地下水污染调查和修复日益受到科学界的重视,了解和掌握地下水污染修复方法和技术有助于对污染场地进行科学修复。【研究方法】:本文在系统分析国内外地下水污染修复案例的基础上,对中国地下水污染修复现场实施的技术方法进行总结。【研究结果】:结合中国区域经济发展特征和地下水污染调查评价成果认为,复杂的水文地质条件制约,污染物受地下水流速、流向和渗透系数的非均一性影响,使修复后的场地出现拖尾和反弹;污染物与含水层岩性制约,污染物与低渗透性岩土的附和解吸,常生成二次污染;场地详细调查和评价需求,修复工程的设计需由场地详细调查进行指导,场地地下水质量评价、地下水污染健康风险评估、污染程度评价为修复工程开展和完成提供科学依据。【结论】:中国地下水污染修复面临着方法与技术方法相协调的机遇和挑战,地下水污染修复需以含水层岩性和水文地质条件为依托。

This paper is the result of the water resources and environmental geological survey engineering.[Objective]The investigation and remediation of groundwater pollution in China has been paid more attention by the scientific community. Understanding and mastering the methods and technologies of groundwater pollution remediation is helpful for the scientific remediation of polluted sites. [Methods]Based on the systematic analysis of groundwater pollution remediation cases at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the technical methods implemented on the groundwater pollution remediation site in China.[Results]Combining the characteristics of China’s regional economic development and the results of groundwater pollution investigation and evaluation, it is believed that the complex hydrogeological conditions are restricted, and the pollutants are affected by the heterogeneity of groundwater velocity, flow direction and permeability coefficient, which makes the restored site appear tailing.and rebound;pollutants are restricted by the lithology of aquifers, and the adhesion and desorption of pollutants and low-permeability rock and soil often generate secondary pollution;Groundwater quality assessment, groundwater pollution health risk assessment, and pollution degree assessment provide a scientific basis for the development and completion of restoration projects. [Conclusions]Groundwater pollution remediation in China faces opportunities and challenges in the coordination of methods and technical methods.Groundwater pollution remediation needs to rely on aquifer lithology and hydrogeological conditions.