完善《黄河保护法(草案)》的研究与建议

Research and Suggestions on Improving the“Yellow River Protection Law(Draft)”

黄河保护立法工作完成后,可与《中华人民共和国水法》《中华人民共和国防洪法》《中华人民共和国水土保持法》《中华人民共和国河道管理条例》《黄河河口管理办法》等共同构成解决黄河相关问题的法律法规体系。在相关研究的基础上,对《黄河保护法(草案)》进行了分析,提出了主要修改建议:为改变国家大力支持淤地坝建设、地方政府担心暴雨期淤地坝垮塌造成人员伤亡而不积极的尴尬局面,建议补充“提升淤地坝结构与除险加固技术”的表述;《黄河保护法(草案)》应重视土壤和地下水污染防治,便于同步推进土壤和地下水污染防治,并更好地与《中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法》等法律法规相衔接;为全面保护各类民事主体的合法权益,维护国家利益和社会公共利益,对违法行为应缩小罚款数额的幅度,明确罚款层级与标准的确切依据等。

Once the legislative work of the Yellow River is completed,it can form a legal system to solve the relevant issues of the Yellow River together with the current laws and regulations such as“Water Law of the People’s Republic of China”,“Flood Control Law of the People’s Republic of China”,“Soil and Water Conservation Law of the People’s Republic of China”,“Regulations on River Courses Management of the People’s Republic of China”and“Measures for the Administration of the Yellow River Estuary”.On the basis of previous studies,this paper analyzed and studied the“Yellow River Protection Law(Draft)”and proposed revisions.For an example,in order to prevent the situation that the state strongly supported the construction of dams,but the local government was worried about the casualties caused by the collapse during the rainstorm period and did not construct actively,it was recommended to supplement the expression of“improving the structure of warping dam and danger removal and reinforcement technology”.It was suggested that the relevant provisions of the draft also put forward the requirements for soil and groundwater pollution simultaneously,so as to facilitate the simultaneous advancement of its prevention and control work,and to better relate with the“Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China”and other legal provisions.For the purpose of comprehensively protecting the legitimate rights and interests of various civil subjects and safeguard national interests and social and public interests,the amount of fines should be reduced,and the exact basis for the levels and standards of fines should be clarified.