数字亲密:爱还是痛?——哲学与政治之间的批判性反思

Digital Intimacy:Love or Pain?A Critical Reflection on the Relationship between Philosophy and Politics

亲密关系是贯穿人类历史和社会生活的重要现象,展现出三个本质性向度,即自我反思的哲学向度、与他人共在的伦理向度、公私之边界的政治向度。进入晚期现代之后,伴随着数字媒介和网络社会的兴起,亲密关系又在发生着深刻变革。如何剖析此种变革所带来的积极的和负面的效应?如何进一步从哲学、伦理和政治等诸多维度展开回应和反思?从20世纪末开始,众多学者进行了不同方向的探索,大致可概括为进步、控制和生成这三条进路。“进步”强调数字亲密的积极作用,“控制”提醒我们防范技术对自我的侵害,而“生成”则试图寻求斡旋和中道,借用德勒兹的潜在性这个概念来更有效地实现自我和技术之间的平衡。伊洛斯对爱之苦痛的思考似乎又展现出与三者不同的启示,她试图从否定性体验出发来探寻重建自治性主体的基础。

Intimacy is a phenomenon that goes through human history and social life with three essential dimensions, namely the philosophical dimension of self-reflection, the ethical dimension of co-existence with others, and the political dimension of the boundary between the public and the private. In late modernity, with the rise of digital media and social network, intimate relationship is undergoing profound changes. How to analyze the positive and negative influences exerted by these changes? How to reflect on and respond to them from the philosophical, ethical, and political perspectives? Since the end of the 20 th century, researches have been made from various perspectives that could be categorized into three paths: progress, control, and generation. "Progress" emphasizes the positive role of digital intimacy;"control" warns us against technology’s erosion of the self;"becoming" tries to mediate between the self and technology by adopting Deleuze’s concept of the virtual. Illouz’s thinking about the pain of love provides an insight different from these three paths. She tries to rebuild the foundation of the autonomous subject from the perspective of negative experiences.