比利时足球后备人才培养模式及启示

Training Mode and Enlightenment of Belgian Football Reserve Talent

运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,分析总结比利时足球后备人才培养的先进经验,为我国青少年足球后备人才培养提供借鉴。在足球后备人才培养模式方面,比利时秉持“以球员为核心”的培养理念,采用双轨制培养路径,根据年龄阶段科学划分训练阶段并安排相应的训练内容;建立了与培养机制相匹配的青少年足球竞赛体系,使每一个年龄阶段和能力层级的青少年球员都有参赛展示自己的机会。在保障措施方面,比利时建立了政府、学校和俱乐部三方合作的培养管理体系;高度重视教练员能力提升与继续教育;利用地缘优势形成了一套特色人才培养经营模式;开发“Foot Pass”绩效评估系统对足球俱乐部的管理和球员的培养质量实施监管,实现了青少年球员培养过程的标准化、规范化。启示:细化五环培养理念,打破校园足球与职业足球壁垒;加强教练员职业培训,实现教练员数量与质量双提高;深化学校与俱乐部合作,实现双方资源优势互补;构建质量监管体系,保障后备人才培养可持续发展;完善青少年球员转会管控,优化人才海外培养模式。

By using the methods of literature review and logic analysis,the paper analyzes and summarizes the advanced experience of Belgian football reserve talents training,and provides reference for the reserve talent training in China.In terms of the training mode,Belgium adheres to the training concept of"taking players as the core",adopts the dual track system training path,divides the training stage scientifically according to the age stage and arranges the corresponding training contents.The system of youth football competition matching with the training mechanism is established,which makes the player of different age and ability level have the opportunity to participate in the competition and show themselves.In terms of safeguard measures,Belgium has established a training management system of cooperation between the government,schools and clubs.Great importance is attached to the improvement of coaches'ability and further education.A set of management mode of talent training is formed based on geographical advantages.The"Foot Pass"performance evaluation system is developed to supervise the management of football clubs and the training quality,and the process of youth players training is standardized.The enlightenment is as follows:to refine the five-link training concept,break the barriers of campus football and professional football;strengthen the professional training of coaches,and realize the improvement of both the number and quality of coaches;deepen cooperation between schools and clubs to realize complementary resources of both sides;build quality supervision system,to ensure the sustainable development of reserve talents training;improve the transfer control of young players and optimize the overseas training mode of talents.