胫前动脉下段作为动脉粥样硬化早期超声筛查“窗口”的临床应用

Clinical application of inferior segment of anterior tibial artery as a window for early ultrasound screening of atherosclerosis

目的探讨胫前动脉下段作为动脉粥样硬化早期超声筛查“窗口”的临床应用价值。方法采用彩色多普勒超声对686例受试者胫前动脉上段、胫前动脉下段、颈动脉、右侧锁骨下动脉、肱动脉、桡动脉、股动脉、腘动脉、胫后动脉、足背动脉的动脉粥样硬化性病变进行探测,观察病变的有无、大小。结果随着年龄的增长,动脉粥样硬化病变检出率呈现显著增加趋势。以胫前动脉下段检测结果为例,≤30岁组、>30~40岁组、>40~50岁组、>50~60岁组、>60~70岁组、>70岁组的检出率分别为43.8%、69.2%、85.4%、85.6%、88.2%、100.0%。胫前动脉下段的总检出率(73.3%)显著高于胫前动脉上段(3.8%)、颈动脉(13.2%)、肱动脉(3.1%)、股动脉(19.2%)、腘动脉(30.8%)、胫后动脉(21.1%)、足背动脉(27.8%)。结论胫前动脉下段相比于其他位置具有更高的动脉粥样硬化病变检出率。

Objective To explore the clinical application value of the lower segment of anterior tibial artery as a"window"for early ultrasound screening of atherosclerosis.Methods The color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect the atherosclerotic lesions of upper segment of anterior tibial artery,lower segment of anterior tibial artery,carotid artery,right subclavian artery,brachial artery,radial artery,femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedis artery in 686 subjects in order to observe whether having the lesions and their sizes.Results With the increase of age,the detection rate of atherosclerotic lesions showed the significant increase trend.Taking the detection results of lower segment of anterior tibial artery as an example,the detection rates of≤30 years old group,31-40 years old group,41-50 years old group,51-60 years old group,61-70 years old group and>70 years old group were 43.8%,69.2%,85.4%,85.6%,88.2%and 100%respectively.The total detection rate(73.3%)of lower segment of anterior tibial artery was significantly higher than that of upper segment of anterior tibial artery(3.8%),carotid artery(13.2%),brachial artery(3.1%),femoral artery(19.2%),popliteal artery(30.8%),posterior tibial artery(21.1%)and dorsal pedis artery(27.8%).Conclusion The lower segment of anterior tibial artery has the higher detection rate of atherosclerosis than the other locations.