高压均质技术在植物天然活性成分提取中的应用

Application of high-pressure homogenization technology in extracting active ingredients from plants

高压均质技术是一种非热加工技术,通过剪切、碰撞、空穴、湍流、加热等作用,可大大减小流体物料中颗粒粒径的大小。高压均质作为一种提取方法,主要利用剪切、高速撞击等综合效应使物料达到破壁的效果,极大地破碎植物细胞组织结构,加速了可溶物的扩散和渗透。此方法具有提取效率高、提取时间短、提取成分生物活性高等优点。该文从高压均质技术及其在提取植物天然活性成分方面的基本原理出发,对高压均质处理提取植物中的多糖、黄酮、多酚等活性成分进行了综述,并对高压均质技术在提取中的应用进行了初步展望,旨在推动其在提取方面的研究与应用。

High-pressure homogenization technology(HPH) is a non-thermal processing technology.HPH can greatly reduce the size of particles in fluid materials by shear,collision,hole,turbulence,heating and other effects.As an extraction method,HPH mainly uses the comprehensive effects of shearing,impingement and other effects,greatly breaking the plant cell tissue structure,and accelerating the diffusion and penetration of soluble matter.HPH has the advantages of high extraction efficiency,short extraction time,and strong biological activity of the extracted ingredients.The principles of HPH and its basic application in extraction were presented.In this paper,the application of using HPH to extract natural active ingredients such as polysaccharides,flavonoids and polyphenols from plants in recent years are reviewed,aiming at promoting the research and application in the extraction of HPH in China.