信访公力救济功能的定位及完善——基于现有26部信访地方性法规的分析

The Positioning and Perfection of the Public Relief Function of Petitions:Based on an Analysis of the Existing 26 Local Laws on Petitions

通过对我国现有26部信访地方性法规的分析可知,不管是信访功能立法的抽象规定还是信访功能立法的具体规定,都呈现出政治参与功能与公力救济功能的二分,且相较于政治参与功能,信访公力救济功能比重较轻。然而,实践中信访公力救济功能的不断膨胀,导致了信访实践与信访法规的背离,诱发了信访困境。由此,有必要通过完善信访立法,规范与淡化信访公力救济功能。具体路径包括:明确信访公力救济功能的间接地位;将法律救济置于主导地位而信访公力救济为辅助地位;建立信访公力救济的后置配套机制。

Based on an analysis of the existing 26 local laws on petitions in China,it can be seen that both the abstract and the specific provisions of the legislation on petition functions show a dichotomy between the function of political participation and that of public relief,and the proportion of the latter is lighter than that of the former.However,the continuous expansion of the public relief function of petitions in practice has led to the deviation of the petition practice from petition regulations and induced the emergence of the petition dilemma.Therefore,it is necessary to standardize and dilute the public relief function of petitions through perfecting the petition legislation.The specific paths include:clarifying the indirect status of the public relief function of petitions,placing legal relief in the leading position while public relief is in the auxiliary position,and establishing a supporting mechanism for public relief of petitions.