农场主希望“子承父业”吗?

Do Farmers Hope Their Children to Inherit Their Business?

“子承父业”是保证家庭农场代际间平稳有效传递的重要方式和可持续发展的基础。基于山东省300份家庭农场主问卷调查数据,依据计划行为理论,利用结构方程模型对家庭农场主代际传递意愿的影响因素及其作用机理进行实证分析。结果表明:(1)超过2/3的农场主表示在未来愿意“子承父业”。(2)行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制三者之间相互影响,且均对农场主的代际传递意愿具有正向影响,其中知觉行为控制作用最大。(3)与情感诉求相比,农场主的行为态度更多受其对农场未来经济预期的影响;主观规范中政府的指令性导向作用显著大于亲朋邻里的示范作用;知觉行为控制中有形资产禀赋的影响力略高于无形资产。基于此,建议从客观存在、感性认知等多方面关注农场主代际传递意愿的影响因素,给予农场主物质、精神等多元化支持,充分发挥已完成代际传递案例的示范带动作用,促进家庭农场高质量可持续发展。

Children inheriting their father’s business is an important way to ensure the smooth and effective transfer of family farms between generations and a basis for sustainable development.Based on the survey data of 300 family farmers in Shandong Province and the theory of planned behavior,the Structural Equation Model was used to analyze the influencing factors and the mechanism of family farmers’intergenerational transmission willingness.The results show that:(1)More than 2/3 of the farmers expressed their willingness to inherit their father’s business in the future.(2)Behavioural attitude,subjective norm and perceived behavioural control interact with each other and all have a positive impact on farmers’willingness to transmit between generations,of which perceived behavioural control has the greatest effect.(3)Compared with emotional appeals,the behavior and attitude of farmers are more affected by their expectations of the farm’s future economy.The government’s directive guiding role in subjective norms is significantly greater than the demonstration role of relatives and neighbors.The influence of the endowment of tangible assets in the control of perceptual behavior is slightly higher than intangible assets.Therefore,the paper believes that the influencing factors of farmers’willingness to pass on between generations should be heeded from the perspectives of objective existence and perceptual cognition,and diversified support such as material and spiritual support should be given to farmers so as to give full play to the demonstration and leading role of completed cases of intergenerational transmission and promote the high-quality sustainable development of family farms.