日粮添加大米对断奶仔猪生长性能、组织器官发育及肠道酶活性的影响

Effects of rice supplementation on growth performance,tissue and organ development and intestinal enzyme activities of weaned piglets

文章旨在评估日粮用大米替代玉米对断奶仔猪生长性能、组织器官发育及肠道酶活性的影响。试验将21 d断奶平均体重一致的800头商品仔猪随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复50头。在为期4 w的试验中,玉米组断奶仔猪饲喂玉米水平为32%的配合饲料,大米组断奶仔猪饲喂大米水平为21%的配合饲料,两组饲料的营养水平维持一致。结果:与玉米组相比,大米组仔猪断奶后4 w的体重、3~4 w和0~4 w平均日增重分别显著提高4.73%、12.84%和8.71%(P<0.05),但3~4 w和0~4 w料重比分别显著降低10.72%和7.18%(P<0.05)。大米组仔猪断奶后4 w的粗蛋白质表观消化率较玉米组显著提高2.87%(P<0.05)。与玉米组相比,大米组断奶仔猪十二指肠氨肽酶活性、空肠麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶和氨肽酶活性分别显著提高38.17%、34.92%、34.04%和64.93%(P<0.05)。结论:日粮用大米完全替代玉米可提高空肠酶活性,促进蛋白质消化率,进而改善仔猪断奶后前4 w的平均日增重和饲料效率。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of rice supplementation instead of corn on growth performance,tissue and organ development and intestinal enzyme activities of weaned piglets.Eight hundred piglets with the same average body weight after weaning on 21 days were randomly divided into 2 groups with 8 replicates per group and 50 piglets per replicate.In the 4 w experiment,weaned piglets in corn group were fed with 32%corn level compound feed,and weaned piglets in rice group were fed with 21%rice level compound feed,and the nutrient levels of the two groups were maintained the same.Results:Compared with corn group,the body weight at 4 W,average daily gain at 3~4 W and 0~4 W in rice group were significantly increased by 4.73%,12.84%and 8.71%(P<0.05),respectively,but the feed/gain at 3~4 w and 0~4 w was significantly decreased by 10.72%and 7.18%(P<0.05),respectively.The apparent digestibility of crude protein at 4 w after weaning of piglets in rice group was significantly increased by 2.87%compared with that in corn group(P<0.05).Compared with corn group,duodenal aminopeptidase activity,jejunum maltase,sucrase and aminopeptidase activities of weaned piglets in rice group were significantly increased by 38.17%,34.92%,34.04%and 64.93%(P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:Complete replacement of corn with rice in the diet can improve jejunum enzyme activity,promote protein digestibility,and improve the average daily gain and feed efficiency of piglets in the first 4 weeks after weaning.