反向判断式“如何是X”的话语分析

Discourse Analysis on the Reverse Judgment Construction“Ru He Shi X”

反向判断式“如何是X”是禅录里一种高频使用的特殊疑问句,被用来询问听话人对某一概念X的内涵或类属,期待听话人将X和某一个现成的知识对应起来,目的是为了获得启悟而非知解,其构式义可以概括为“什么是X,怎样才能领会”。该构式在基本的探询功能基础上具有探疑求知、指别分类、勘验探试三种话语功能。

“Ru He Shi X”is a special interrogative sentence frequently used in Zen,which is used to ask the listener about the connotation or the genus of a certain concept“X”,expecting the listener to match“X”with a ready-made knowledge.The purpose of inquiry is to achieve enlightenment,not understanding,so its constructional meaning can be summarized as“what is‘X’and how to understand‘X’”.On the basis of the basic inquiry function,it has three discourse functions:inquiring and seeking knowledge,pointing and classifying,probing and testing.