健康人群和高血压患者血清微量元素与血压的相关性分析

Correlation between serum trace elements and blood pressure in healthy people and patients with hypertension

目的探究健康人群和高血压患者血清微量元素与收缩压、舒张压之间的相关性。方法选取2018年9月至2021年5月我院健康体检者数据,纳入既往无各类慢性疾病史的3430例健康人群和216例既往诊断高血压患者,检测其血清锌、铁、钙、镁、铅、铜、镉含量,分析其与收缩压、舒张压之间的相关性。结果健康人群中低锌(9.5%)、低镁血症(1.8%)的发生率较低,而低钙血症(27.8%)相对较为常见。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、体质指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白与收缩压和舒张压升高相关。空腹血糖(OR=1.095,95%CI:1.007~1.191)与血铅(OR=1.006,95%CI:1.000~1.012)可能是收缩压升高相关危险因素;血清总胆固醇(OR=1.244,95%CI:1.095~1.412)、血清铁(OR=1.275,95%CI:1.114~1.460)及血铅(OR=1.010,95%CI:1.004~1.015)可能是舒张压升高相关危险因素,血清镁(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.266~0.894)则是舒张压的保护因素。采用倾向性评分匹配,校正年龄、性别、BMI、腰臀比及吸烟史,分析发现高血压组相较健康对照组血清各微量元素水平并无显著差异。结论普通健康人群中收缩压与血清铅含量相关,舒张压则与血清铁、铅呈正相关,与血清镁负相关。高血压患者血清微量元素含量较健康对照组未见差异,然而本结论仍需进一步验证。

Objective To explore the correlation between serum trace elements and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in healthy population and patients with hypertension. Methods The health examination data of the subjects from our hospital from September 2018 to May 2021 were selected. They consisted of 3430 healthy people with no history of chronic diseases and 216 patients with hypertension previously diagnosed. We measured the levels of serum zinc, iron,calcium, magnesium, lead, copper and cadmium and analyzed their correlation with systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP). Results The incidence of low zinc(9. 5%) and hypomagnesemia(1. 8%) was relatively low, while hypomagnesemia(27. 8%)was relatively common in the healthy population. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, BMI and serum albumin were associated with increased SBP and DBP. Fasting blood glucose(OR=1. 095, 95% CI:1. 007-1. 191)and blood lead(OR=1. 006, 95% CI:1. 000-1. 012)were risk factors for SBP. Serum total cholesterol(OR=1. 244,95% CI:1. 095-1. 412),serum iron(OR=1. 275,95% CI:1. 114-1. 460)and blood lead(OR=1. 010,95% CI:1. 004-1. 015)were risk factors,while serum magnesium(OR=0. 488,95% CI:0. 266-0. 894)acted as a protective factor for DBP. After adjusting for age,gender,BMI,waist-hip ratio,and smoking history, there was no significant difference in serum trace element levels between the hypertension and healthy control groups. Conclusion SBP is correlated with serum lead,while DBP is positively correlated with serum iron and lead,but negatively correlated with serum magnesium in normal healthy population. There was no significant difference in serum trace element content between hypertensive patients and healthy control group, but the conclusion still needs to be further verified.