重症肾脏病医护人员对营养风险筛查工具的认识及体验

Analysis on understanding and experience of medical staff engaged in critical care nephrology towards nutritional risk screening tools

目的:了解重症肾脏病医护人员对营养风险筛查工具的认识及体验,帮助规范临床营养风险筛查,为后续构建针对性的营养风险筛查工具提供参考。方法:运用现象学研究方法,对17名医护人员进行半结构式深度访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法整理访谈资料。结果:提炼出3个主题,医护人员对营养风险筛查工具的认知较为局限;现有工具不能真实反映重症肾脏病病人营养风险;理想的重症肾脏病病人营养风险筛查工具条目建议。结论:目前重症肾脏病病人营养风险筛查有待进一步规范,应加强医护人员规范化知识培训,充分利用多学科合作,助推构建专科特异性营养筛查工具,从而早期筛查病人营养风险。

Objective:This study aims to investigate the cognition and experience of medical staff engaged in critical care nephrology towards nutritional risk screening tools,which would contribute to standardization of clinical nutrition risk screening and development of more effective tool for nutritional risk screening.Methods:A total of 17 medical staff who are engaged in critical care nephrology were enrolled in this study.Using a phenomenological research method,the data were obtained from the medical staff by semi-structured interviews and subsequently analyzed by Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis.Results:Three themes were obtained and summarized as follows:1)the medical staff’s understanding into nutritional risk screening tools was relatively limited,2)the current tools were unable to truly reflect the nutritional status of the patients with critical care nephrology,and 3)new items should be added to the tools for evaluating the nutritional risk of the patients with critical care nephrology.Conclusion:The current screening and evaluation of nutritional risks for patients with critical care nephrology should be further standardized.It is also needed to provide much more professional and standardized trainings for the medical staff and develop newly specialized tools of nutrition risk screening by cooperation and joint efforts of multidisciplinary teams.