生物三维打印:组织工程构建新技术

Three-dimensional bioprinting:strategies for tissue engineering

生物三维打印技术近年来因其可通过程序控制构建具有精细结构的组织工程移植物,在组织工程及再生医学领域中拥有极佳的应用前景。该文简述了生物打印的基本步骤,回顾了近年来生物三维打印技术在组织工程中的应用,对功能组织构建的策略进行分析,以挤出式生物打印机的不同喷嘴技术及优势为重点综述3种生物打印方式(牺牲打印、支撑浴悬浮打印、梯度打印)。最后总结了现有生物三维打印技术的局限性,并对其未来发展做出展望。

Three-dimensional bioprinting technology has shown excellent application prospect in recent years in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its ability to fabricate tissue-engineered grafts with delicate structures through programmed control.Here we briefly describe the basic steps of bioprinting,discuss the recent applications of bioprinting in tissue engineering and analyze the general strategies for bioprinting functional tissue constructs.We review three types of bioprinting approaches(sacrificial bioprinting,hydrogel-embedded bioprinting,gradient bioprinting)with a focus on nozzle-based techniques and respective advantages of extrusion bioprinters,and finally summarize the limitations of current technologies and provide an outlook on their future development.