伦敦市郊铁路Crossrail规划建设运营经验及启示

Experience and enlightenment of planning and operation of the Crossrail suburban railway in London

我国城市已进入城市群、都市圈发展阶段,各城市正积极进行市域(郊)铁路的探索与实践。国外都市圈发展及市域(郊)铁路起步早于国内,具有较为丰富的经验。东西横贯大伦敦的市郊铁路 Crossrail 是欧洲近十多年最大的基建项目之一,对伦敦的城市及交通发展都将产生深远影响。文章从发展历程、运营组织及客流特征等角度全面论述伦敦 Crossrail 运营情况,归纳其在都市圈轨道规划、线路通道选择、运营管理等方面的经验与特点。在此基础上,结合国内市域(郊)铁路现状和问题,分析对我国市郊铁路发展的启示。

China has entered the developing stage of urban agglomerations and metropolises,making suburban railways to be constructed and operated in many cities.The development of metropolis and suburban railway in foreign countries started earlier than those in China,which can accordingly provide us with extensive experience.Crossrail,which crosses London from east to west,is one of the largest infrastructure projects in Europe in the past ten years,and has a profound impact on London’s urban and traffic development.From the perspective of development process,operation organization and passenger flow characteristics,this paper comprehensively discusses the operation of London Crossrail,and summarizes its experience and characteristics in railway planning,route selection and operation management.Furthermore,combined with the current situation and problems of domestic suburban railways,the enlightenments to the development of suburban railways in China are summarized.