大数据时代网络舆情治理能力提升研究

Research on Improving Ability to Govern Network-Based Public Opinion in Era of Big Data

大数据、人工智能、云计算、5G等科学技术飞速发展,新媒体和智能媒体快速普及,重塑了媒体生态和网络舆论格局。网络舆情治理能力是国家治理能力的重要构成。大数据时代,网络舆情治理面临着环境变化快、网民行为不规范、应对滞后等挑战。网络舆情传播分为萌芽期、爆发期和波动消弭期三个发展阶段,地方政府在网络舆情监测预警、应对管控、教育引导和学习能力等方面滞后于舆情治理需要,究其原因主要是网络舆情治理理念滞后、大数据技术应用不足、体制约束等。面向未来,营造和改进大数据应用环境、提升舆情治理大数据观、构建“政府+网络平台”的协同治理模式、提升政府公信力和提高网民数字素养是提升政府网络舆情治理能力的核心内容。

With the rapid development of science and technology such as big data,artificial intelligence,cloud computing and 5g,new media and intelligent media have been emerging and reshaping the media ecology and network public opinion environment.Network public opinion governance ability is an important component of national governance ability.In the era of big data,internet public opinion governance is facing challenges such as rapid environmental change,users’irregular behavior and delayed response.Network public opinion communication generally undergoes three phases,from embryonic stage,to outbreak stage and fluctuation elimination stage.A local government’s inertia to take such measures as monitoring,warningissue,controlling,guiding or readjusting itself is mainly due to its insufficient understanding of network public opinion,lack of technological support,systematic constraints and others.One of the solutions to these problems lies in introducing big data to build up a government+network and improve users’digital literacy and government’s governance ability.