我国航空医疗救援培训体系探讨

Discussion on aviation medical rescue training system of China

目的航空医疗救援的载体和实施救援行动所需的知识结构与传统的地面救援相比均存在差异。探讨医护人员、飞行员、空勤、机务等航空医疗救援人员的培训标准与资格认证,供管理部门和从业者参考。方法梳理了发达国家航空医疗救援的历史,阐述了国外航空医疗救援的人员组成、训练设备、组织架构,以及我国救援人员培训体系与资质认证的现状,比较了我国与发达国家在航空医疗救援培训及认证方面的差距。结果根据我国航空医疗救援尚在起步阶段这一现状,提出了我国航空医疗救援培训及资格认证体系建立的七条建议:培训和资格认证标准化、理论培训差异化、理论培训模块化、训练场景拟真化、空地结合一体化、救援团队多样化和救援案例数据化。结论针对航空医学疗救援行业特殊性和学科专业性的特点,应借鉴国外经验并结合我国国情,科学地制定人员培训及认证的标准和规范,促进我国航空医疗救援业的发展。

Objective The carrier of aviation medical rescue and the knowledge required for rescue operations are different from traditional ground rescue.This paper discussed the training standards and qualification certification of aviation medical rescue personnel such as medical staff,pilots,flight attendants and aircraft maintenance,which can be used as a reference for management departments and practitioners.Methods This paper reviewed the history of aviation medical rescue in developed countries,illustrated the personnel composition,training equipment and organizational structure of developed countries,as well as the current situation of rescue personnel training system and qualification certification in China,compared the difference between China and developed countries in aviation medical rescue training and certification.Results Considering that the aviation medical rescue in China just starts up,this paper put forward seven suggestions:standardization of training and qualification certification,differentiation of theoretical training,modularization of theoretical training,simulation of training scene,integration of air and ground,diversification of rescue team and digitization of rescue cases.Conclusions Because of the particularity and professionalism of the aviation medical rescue,we should learn from foreign experience and considering China's local conditions,and scientifically establish the standards of personnel training and certification,to develop the industry of China's aviation medical rescue.