南通市海门区居民超重肥胖现状与膳食摄入的关系研究

Study on the relationship between overweight and obesity status and dietary intake in Haimen District,Nantong City

目的:描述南通市海门区成年人超重肥胖现状,分析其与膳食摄入的关系。方法:2019年,采用多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取8350名社区居民,采用面对面纸质问卷调查法收集海门区居民膳食习惯等数据,通过体格检查获取体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)。使用χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归对数据进行统计分析。结果:8350名调查对象中超重率33.7%,肥胖率9.8%,超重肥胖率43.5%。男性超重率明显高于女性(χ^(2)=17.694,P<0.001),肥胖率明显低于女性(χ^(2)=25.854,P<0.001),中年组超重率和肥胖率高于青年组和老年组(χ^(2)=5584.518、7543.984,均P<0.001)。男性谷薯类、奶及奶制品类、水产品类、畜禽肉类食物摄入量达标率明显高于女性,而水果摄入量达标率明显低于女性;男性饮酒与含糖饮料比例显著高于女性。奶及奶制品、蛋类、水产品类、畜禽肉类、水果类摄入量达标率随年龄增长而下降。青年组每天饮用含糖饮料的人数明显高于中年组和老年组。每日饮酒人数随年龄增长而上升。多因素分析发现,当地成年人超重肥胖与高龄、谷薯类摄入量不达标、蛋类摄入量不达标、饮酒有关。结论:加强健康宣教,倡导合理膳食,将有助于控制居民超重肥胖状况。

Objective:To describe the current situation of overweight and obesity in Haimen District,Nantong City,and analyzed its relationship with dietary intake.Methods:In 2019,8350 community population was selected by multi-stage random sampling.The questionnaire survey was used to collect data ofdietary habits.Data on body mass index(BMI)were obtained through physical examination.Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis of the data.Results:A total of 8350 subjects were included in this study with an overweight rate of 33.66%and an obesity rate of 9.84%.The rate of men overweight is significantly higher than that of women(χ^(2)=17.694,P<0.001),while the rate of obesity in women is significantly higher than that of men(χ^(2)=25.854,P<0.001).The overweight and obesity rates in the middle age groups were higher than that in the youth and older groups(χ^(2)=5584.518,7543.984,all P<0.001).Men′s intake of cereals and potatoes,milk and dairy products,aquatic products,livestock and poultry meat is significantly higher than that of women,while the fruits is opposed.The proportion of men′s alcohol consumption and sugary drinks is higher than women′s.The number of men drinking alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages was significantly higher than that of women.The intakestandard rate of fruits,livestock and poultry meat,aquatic products,eggs,milk and dairy products decreases with age.The number of people in the youth group who drank sugar-sweetened beverages every day was significantly higher than that in the middle-aged and elderly groups.The number of daily drinkers increases with age.Multivariate analysis showed that overweight and obesity were related to age,the over intake of cereals and potatoes meets,the unenoughintake of eggs,and alcohol consumption.Conclusion:Strengthening health education and advocating reasonable diet will help to control the overweight and obesity status of residents.