碳钢在四川典型盐化工环境中的大气腐蚀行为

Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Sichuan's Typical Salt Chemical Industry Environment

为研究四川电网输变电设备在典型工业环境中的金属腐蚀特点,以便为输变电设备差异化防腐措施提供理论指导,选取碳钢为研究对象,针对四川典型盐化工城市自贡市,在该市乡村环境和重工业污染环境地区分别开展一年期大气腐蚀试验。通过宏观形貌观察、腐蚀速率测试、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、能谱分析(energy spectrum analysis,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、电化学测试等多种方法,全面研究了碳钢在这两种环境下的大气腐蚀行为。结果表明:碳钢在自贡地区腐蚀程度较为严重,重工业污染环境大气腐蚀速率为32.14μm/a,即使在乡村环境也受到较为严重的腐蚀,腐蚀速率达到21.92μm/a。碳钢在上述两种环境中的大气腐蚀行为具有显著差异,在氯离子含量更高的重工业污染环境中,碳钢表面更容易生成针状腐蚀产物,锈层保护性差,腐蚀将进一步加速。为提高自贡地区输变电设备腐蚀防护效果,可采取在重工业污染地区适当提高防护等级的差异化防腐措施。

In order to study the metal corrosion characteristics of Sichuan power transmission and transformation equipment in typical industrial environment,so as to provide theoretical guidance for differentiated anti-corrosion measures for transmission and transformation equipment,carbon steel was selected as the research object and aimed at Zigong,a typical salt chemical city in Sichuan Province.A one-year atmospheric corrosion test was carried out in rural environment and heavy industry polluted areas,respectively.Through macroscopic morphology observation,corrosion rate testing,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy spectrum analysis(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and electrochemical testing,the atmospheric corrosion behavior of carbon steel in these two environments were comprehensively studied.The results show that the corrosion degree of carbon steel in Zigong area is relatively serious,and the atmospheric corrosion rate of heavy industry polluted environment is 32.14μm/a,even in the rural environment,it is seriously corroded,and the corrosion rate reaches 21.92μm/a.The atmospheric corrosion behavior of carbon steel in the two environments is significantly different.In heavy industry polluted environment with higher chloride ion content,the surface of carbon steel is more likely to generate needle-like corrosion products,and the rust layer has poor protection and corrosion will further accelerate.In order to improve the corrosion protection effect of power transmission and transformation equipment in Zigong area,differentiated anti-corrosion measures can be adopted to appropriately increase the protection level in heavy industry polluted areas.