豆科绿肥芫菁的发生动态及防控研究

Occurrence Dynamics and Control of Meloidae in Legume Green Manure

针对豆科绿肥重要害虫芫菁的发生动态,于2020年5月至9月采用斑蝥素与糖醋液相结合的诱集装置对延安9种豆科绿肥害虫芫菁进行诱集,并明确了诱集装置的防控效果。结果表明:斑芫菁Mylabris与豆芫菁Epicauta为主要危害属,主要危害寄主为毛叶苕子Vicia villosa与箭筈豌豆Vicia sativa;斑芫菁始见期为5月中下旬,高峰期为6月中下旬,豆芫菁始见于6月上旬,高峰期为6月下旬;斑蝥素与糖醋液相结合的诱集装置诱虫量最多,平均10.17只/瓶(60 m^(2)),对于芫菁的防控效果分别达到91.86%(毛叶苕子)和87.37%(箭筈豌豆)。诱集装置有效地解决了绿肥生产中传统药剂防控的农药污染问题,为绿肥病虫害绿色防控提供理论依据与技术支撑。

Focus on the occurrence dynamics of meloidae,an important pest of leguminous green manure,a trap device with combination of cantharidin and sweet and sour liquid was used to trap meloidae in nine leguminous green manures in Yan'an from May to September 2020,and the control effect of the trap device was determined.The results showed that mylabris and epicauta were the main harmful genera,and mainly did harm to Vicia villosa and Vicia sativa.The first appearance of mylabris was in the middle and late May,and the peak period was in the middle and late June.The first appearance of epicauta was in the early June,and the peak period was in the late June.Combined with sweet and sour liquid,the cantharidin had the highest trapping amount,with an average of 10.17 insects per bottle(60 m^(2)),and the control effect on meloidae was 91.86%(Vicia villosa)and 87.37%(Vicia sagittata).The trapping device can effectively solve the problem of pesticide pollution caused by traditional chemical control in green manure production,and provide theoretical basis and technical support for green pest control.