室内植物墙散湿分析

Analysis of Moisture Dispersion of Indoor Living Wall

植物墙出现在室内环境中,一方面满足了人们对于自然的追求,另一方面植物的蒸腾作用向空气中散发水分,会对室内热湿环境产生影响,这就需要对植物墙的散湿特性进行研究。以重庆冬季室内非采暖环境下的植物墙为研究对象,采用实测与理论计算相结合的方法,研究了植物墙不同位置的空气温湿度、含湿量变化,以及室内环境参数对植物散湿的影响。结果表明,植物冠层的温度最低、湿度与含湿量最高,随着与植物墙距离的增大,空气湿度和含湿量持续下降,但超出15 cm位置,则变化不大。同时基于实测数据和植物冠层能量平衡方程,建立了蒸腾速率计算模型,分析了室内环境参数对植物散湿的影响。计算得出,植物活墙(LAI=1.7)全天散湿量为0.58 kg/m^(2)。在室内舒适温度条件下,活墙的散湿强度随光照强度的增大而增大,随空气湿度的增大而减小。空气湿度降低1%时,植物墙的散湿强度将增大1.4 g/(m^(2)·h)左右,表明在冬季干燥的室内环境下,植物具有较大的散湿潜能。

Living walls indoor can meet dwellers’ requirement of nature. Additionally, the transpiration of plants release moisture into the air. All of these reasons above induce the research of moisture dispersion on living walls made of plants. In the present study, living wall in indoor non-heating environment in Chongqing in winter was studied by combining actual measurement with theoretical calculation. The research contents included the changes of air temperature and relative humidity and moisture content in different positions of plant living walls, as well as the influence of indoor environmental parameters on evapotranspiration of plants. The results show that there were lowest air temperature and highest relative humidity and moisture content in canopy. With the increase of the distance from the plant living wall, the air relative humidity and moisture content decreased constantly, but there was little change beyond 15 cm. At the same time, a transpiration rate calculation model was established with the measured data and the plant canopy energy balance equation, and the influence of indoor environmental parameters on plant moisture dissipation was analysed. It is calculated that the moisture dissipation of the living wall(LAI=1.7) is 0.58 kg/m^(2)a day. Under comfortable indoor temperature conditions, the moisture dissipation intensity of the living wall increases with the increase of light intensity, and decreases with the increase of air humidity. The air humidity decreases by 1% with the moisture intensity of the living wall increased by about 1.4 g/(m^(2)·h), indicating that plants have a greater moisture dispersion potential in a dry indoor environment in winter.