肥大细胞在变应性接触性皮炎发病中的作用进展

Role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis

变应性接触性皮炎(ACD)是由接触性变应原引起的T细胞介导的炎症性皮肤病,肥大细胞在其中的作用尚存在争议。在致敏阶段,肥大细胞通过释放炎症因子促进中性粒细胞募集发挥促炎作用,通过刺激或抑制树突细胞的迁移影响致敏过程。在激发阶段,肥大细胞促进非变应原特异性炎症;增强中度,但是抑制重度及慢性ACD的变应原所致特异性炎症。除IgE-Fc受体I-组胺途径外,肥大细胞Mas相关G蛋白偶联受体B2/X2激活后,释放类胰蛋白酶,介导非组胺依赖性瘙痒,可能成为治疗ACD的新靶点。

Allergic contact dermatitis(ACD)is a T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease induced by contact allergens.The role of mast cells in ACD remains controversial.In the sensitization phase,mast cells play a pro-inflammatory role by releasing inflammatory cytokines to promote recruitment of neutrophils,and affect the sensitization process by stimulating or inhibiting the migration of dendritic cells.During the elicitation phase,mast cells promote non-allergen-specific inflammation,and enhance allergen-specific inflammation in moderate ACD,but inhibit allergen-specific inflammation in severe and chronic ACD.In addition to the IgE-Fcεreceptor I-histamine pathway,Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor B2/X2(MrgprB2/X2)can mediate the activation of mast cells,leading to the release of tryptase to drive non-histaminergic itch,and may serve as a new target for the treatment of ACD.