试论南朝墓葬装饰的“建康模式”

The “Jiankang Model” of Tomb Decoration of the Southern Dynasty

大型拼镶砖画是以竹林七贤与荣启期、羽人戏龙、羽人戏虎等为核心的墓葬装饰,产生于刘宋,萧齐达到成熟,陈代消亡,集中分布在南朝都城建康及周边。其主要运用于高等级墓葬,是南北朝文化正统之争中南朝在文化上的重要举措,对南朝的其他地区、北朝及后世的隋唐墓葬装饰均产生了重要的影响,因此将此类固定的墓葬装饰称为“建康模式”。“建康模式”也是中古时期墓葬装饰体系的重要组成部分。

The practice that large-scale molded-brick relief featuring the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove and Rong Qiqi, the feathered man playing with the dragon or tiger was used for tomb decoration emerged in the Liu Song dynasty, reached maturity in the Xiao Qi dynasty, and died out in the Chen dynasty.Tombs with such decoration have been mainly found in Jiankang, the capital of the Southern Dynasty, and its surrounding areas. This decoration approach was mainly used in high-grade tombs, and was an important cultural initiative of the South in competing over cultural orthodoxy during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It had an important impact on the tomb decorating in other areas of the Southern Dynasty, the Northern Dynasty and the following Sui and Tang dynasties, and was therefore identified as the“Jiankang Model”. "Jiankang Model" is also an important part of the ancient burial decoration system.