动脉粥样硬化中的T细胞和B细胞的研究进展

Recent advances of T cells and B cells in atherosclerosis

动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)是在动脉壁上形成的纤维脂肪病变,由它引起的心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)是造成全世界范围内死亡的第一大病因。该疾病的主要特征是脂蛋白在内皮下的累积导致血管壁中持续发生的炎症反应,因此多种固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞都参与了该疾病的发生和发展。自身抗原和非自身抗原可以通过触发T细胞和B细胞局部的应答导致血管炎症。大量临床和实验数据表明T细胞和B细胞都参与了AS的形成,并且不同的细胞亚群可能具有完全相反的作用。文章就AS中T细胞和B细胞调节机制进行了概述,以期为AS的预防和治疗提供新的思路。

Atherosclerosis(AS)is the formation of fibrofatty lesions in the artery wall,and cardiovascular disease(CVD)caused by AS is the number one cause of death globally.The disease is characterized by a continuous inflammatory response in the vascular wall resulting from lipoprotein retention in the subendothelial space.Therefore,a variety of innate and adaptive immune cells are involved in the development of the disease.Self-and non-self-antigens can contribute to vascular inflammation by triggering the response of T and B cells locally.Substantial clinical and experimental data support that both T cells and B cells are involved in the formation of AS and different subsets of cells may have completely opposite effects.This review summarizes the regulatory mechanism of T cells and B cells in AS,hoping to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.