空间不均衡陷阱、内生增长与东北振兴

Spatial Imbalance Trap,Endogenous Growth and Northeast Revitalization

作为新中国成立初期工业体系健全、城市化水平较高、经济基础雄厚的区域,东北三省长期面临传统产业升级难、资源枯竭地区转型慢、国有企业效率低、民营经济不发达、人才流失严重等多重问题。尽管自东北振兴战略实施以来,对东北地区转移支付、基础设施建设、基本公共服务投入、产业投资、体制机制改革等的支持力度加大,但效果未达预期。从全球各国区域经济演化的趋势以及自身发展特征来看,资源诅咒、转型困顿和制度阻碍是东北老工业基地实现振兴面临的三大主要困境。为促使东北地区早日走出当前困境,避免陷入空间不均衡陷阱而引发的系列问题,应以实现“有为的政府、有效的市场、有竞争力的国企、有内生的增长动力”为四大基本方向,实施“全面解放思想”“加速新老产业更替”和“集中力量打造核心增长极”三大举措,推动东北全面振兴。

As a region with perfect industrial system, high urbanization level and strong economic foundation in the early days of the founding of China, the three northeastern provinces have long faced multiple problems. These problems include difficult upgrading of traditional industries, slow transformation in resource exhausted areas, low efficiency of state-owned enterprises, underdeveloped private economy, serious brain drain and so on. Although since the implementation of the "Northeast Revitalization" strategy, the central government has increased its support for transfer payment, infrastructure construction, basic public service investment, industrial investment and system and mechanism reform in Northeast China, the effect has not reached the expectation. Judging from the trend of regional economic evolution in countries around the world and their own development characteristics, resource curses, transformation difficulties, and institutional obstacles are the three main dilemmas facing the revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China.In order to promote the northeast to get out of the current predicament as soon as possible and avoid falling into the trap of spatial imbalance and causing domestic political and social division, it is necessary to change the previous measures of “sprinkling pepper noodles” investment and “deeply touching” reforms. Taking the realization of "promising government, effective market, competitive state-owned enterprises and endogenous growth power" as the four basic directions, the three major measures of "comprehensively emancipating the mind", "accelerating the replacement of new and old industries" and "focusing on building a core growth pole" are implemented to establish the northeast as a model for the revitalization of depressed regions.