混合福利经济视角下的中国老年长期照护服务体系建构--基于德日韩三国实践经验比较

The Construction of Long-term Care Service System for the Elderly in China from the Perspective of Mixed Welfare Economy——Based on the Experience Comparison among Germany,Japan and South Korea

为了应对人口老龄化带来的大规模失能风险,不少国家都已建立长期护理保险制度,并配套建设了相应的老年长期照护服务体系。德日韩等国在老年长期照护服务体系发展过程中,引入了国家、市场、家庭以及非营利组织等多元主体参与,各自形成了混合福利经济格局。未来,中国老年长期照护服务体系建设应借鉴混合福利经济理念以及德日韩等国有益经验,同步推进服务供给多元化、照护服务专业化、从业人员职业化、服务内容标准化、服务评价规范化、质量监管法治化。

To deal with the large-scale disability risk caused by the ageing population,many countries in the world have established long-term care insurance systems and built corresponding long-term care service systems for the elderly.In developing a long-term care service system for the elderly,Germany,Japan,South Korea and other countries have introduced the participation of multiple subjects such as the state,market,family and non-profit organizations,forming mixed economy patterns of welfare.In the future,the construction of China's long-term care service system for the elderly should follow the concept of a mixed welfare economy,learn from the beneficial experience of Germany,Japan and Korea,and simultaneously promote the diversification of service supply,specialization of care services,professionalization of practitioners,standardization of service content,standardization of service evaluation,and the rule of law in quality supervision.