舟山市青年人发生颈椎病的危险因素及健康管理策略分析

Analysis of the risk factors of cervical spondylosis among young people and health management countermeasures in Zhoushan City

目的分析现代生活模式下导致青年人发生颈椎病的危险因素,并提出健康管理方案。方法选取在舟山医院疼痛门诊就诊的106例青年颈椎病患者为疾病组,选取同期在本医院进行健康体检的90例青年人为健康组,分析可能导致青年颈椎病发生的危险因素。结果两组的身体质量指数(BMI)、基础疾病、家族颈椎病史比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女性(OR=3.617)、伏案连续时间久(OR=5.374)、高枕入眠(OR=7.433)、低头使用电子设备或工作(OR=4.230)、生活环境湿冷(OR=5.568)、经常有负面情绪(OR=2.788)、经常疲惫(OR=3.661)是导致青年发生颈椎病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论长时间保持错误的坐姿和睡姿、肌肉疲惫、负面情绪较大、生活在湿冷环境中的青年比较容易发生颈椎病。通过制定并执行正规的理疗保养与肌肉运动、释放情绪、改善生活习惯和环境等健康管理方案,可以有效缓解青年人群的颈部疼痛,预防颈椎病复发。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of cervical spondylosis in young people under modern life mode,and propose health management scheme.Methods 106 young patients with cervical spondylosis in the pain clinic of the hospital were selected as disease group,and 90 young people who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were selected as the health group.The risk factors of cervical spondylosis of young people are analyzed.Results Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in BMI,underlying diseases and family history of cervical spine between the two groups(P>0.05).Female(OR=3.617),long continuous time at the desk(OR=5.374),falling asleep with high pillow(OR=7.433),using electronic devices or working with low head(OR=4.230),living in wet and cold environment(OR=5.568),being in negative emotion(OR=2.788),and being often tired(OR=3.661)were the risk factors of cervical spondylosis of young people(P<0.05).Conclusion Young people who keep the wrong sitting position and sleeping position for a long time,muscle fatigue,negative emotion and living in cold and damp environment are more likely to suffer from cervical spondylosis.Through the formulation and implementation of regular physical therapy maintenance and muscle movement,release of emotions,the improvement of living habits and environment and other health management programs can effectively relieve the neck pain of young population,and prevent the recurrence of cervical spondylosis.