商都县建档立卡贫困家庭3~6岁儿童营养状况分析

Nutritional status analysis of children under 3~6 years old from poor families who had set up file cards in Shangdu County

目的对商都县建档立卡贫困家庭3~6岁儿童膳食营养状况进行检查,防止由于儿童营养不良导致疾病的发生。方法采用体检、膳食调查等方法检查儿童生长发育情况和膳食营养状况。结果受检儿童共75人,男童35人,女童40人,检出营养不良4人,占5.33%,男女儿童间营养不良检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.797,P>0.05);检出贫血8人,占10.67%,男女儿童间贫血检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.040,P>0.05)。奶、蛋、豆制品、蔬菜、水果摄入量没有达到平衡膳食宝塔建议摄入量的儿童分别占87.01%、71.43%、85.71%、66.23%和38.96%。膳食营养素钙、维生素A、铁、维生素B_(2)、维生素C摄入不足的儿童分别占81.33%、66.67%、44.00%、52.00%和41.30%。结论受检儿童存在营养不良、膳食结构不合理现象。因此,要进一步加强对儿童的营养监测和健康教育,鼓励儿童摄入优质蛋白质食物和深色新鲜蔬菜、水果,避免偏食。

Objective To inspect the nutritional status of children under 3~6 years old from poor families who had set up file cards in Shangdu County,in order to prevent diseases caused by malnutrition.Methods Using physical examination,dietary surveys and other methods to inspect children’s growth and nutritional status.Results The number of the sample children was 75,including 35 boys and 40 girls.4 children were assessed as malnutrition,accounting for 5.33%.There was no statistical difference between boys and girls(χ^(2)=0.797,P>0.05).8 were tested as anemia,accounting for 10.67%.There was no statistical difference between boys and girls(χ^(2)=0.040,P>0.05).Children with insufficient intake of dairy,eggs,soy products,vegetables and fruits were 87.01%,71.43%,85.71%,66.23%and 38.96%respectively.Children with insufficient intake of calcium,vitamin A,iron,vitamin B_(2) and vitamin C were 81.33%,66.67%,44.00%,52.00%and41.30%respectively.Conclusion The tested children have malnutrition.Their dietary structure is problematic.Therefore,it is suggested to strengthen the children’s nutritional supervision and health education,encourage children’s intake of good protein food and fresh vegetables of dark color and fruits,and avoid partial eclipse.